Processing Photoperiod Information by the Immune System

免疫系统处理光周期信息

• 批准号: 7369857
• 负责人: BRIAN J PRENDERGAST
• 金额: $ 31.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7369857
• 关键词: Behavioral; Disease; Disease regression; Environmental Risk Factor; Exposure to; Goals; Health; Human; Hypothalamic structure; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity; Inflammatory; Mammals; Measures; Mediating; Melatonin; Neural Pathways; Pattern; Photoperiod; Physiological; Process; Production; Property; Reproductive system; Research; Seasonal Variations; Siberian Hamster; Staging; Thalamic structure; Tissues; To specify; Work; cytokine; day length; immune function; in vivo; mortality; research study

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Seasonal changes in immune function, health and disease are ubiquitous in humans, and contribute to annual patterns of mortality. The overall goal of the proposed research is to specify mechanisms by which endogenous and environmental factors control seasonal changes in the immune system of mammals. Analogies between photoperiodic control of the reproductive system and the immune system are critically examined at a formal level, and neural pathways are investigated at a mechanistic level. The point of departure for this work is the observation that exposure to short photoperiods alters several measures of immunity in Siberian hamsters; these changes occur entirely independently of the concurrent regression of the reproductive system. The formal properties and physiological substrates of the mechanism that perceives change in day length and communicates this information to the immune system remain unknown. These experiments will use in vivo and ex vivo measures of immune function to: (1) document the impact of natural changes in photoperiod on the immune system, (2) determine whether photoperiodic changes in immunity are dependent on pineal melatonin secretion and whether the duration of nocturnal melatonin secretion is the critical parameter for imparting seasonal information into the immune system, (3) identify the thalamic and hypothalamic melatonin target tissues that mediate the effects of photoperiod on the immune system, and (4) determine whether photoperiod-induced changes in sensitivity to inflammatory cytokine production participate in physiological and behavioral changes evident in the immune responses of mammals at different stages of their seasonal cycles.

描述（由申请人提供）：免疫功能，健康和疾病的季节性变化在人类中无处不在，并有助于年度死亡率。拟议研究的总体目标是指定内源性和环境因素控制哺乳动物免疫系统季节性变化的机制。对生殖系统的光周期控制与免疫系统之间的类比进行了严格检查，并在机械水平上研究了神经途径。这项工作的出发点是，暴露于短光周期的观察会改变西伯利亚仓鼠的几种免疫力。这些变化完全独立于生殖系统的并发回归。感知到白天长度变化并将这些信息传达给免疫系统的机制的形式特性和生理底物仍然未知。这些实验将使用免疫功能的体内和体内测量值：（1）记录光周期对免疫系统的自然变化的影响，（2）确定免疫的光周期变化是否取决于松果性褪黑激素分泌，以及对液化性融合的持续时间的持续时间，是否识别了不受欢迎的分泌季节（3个季节）（3季度）下丘脑褪黑激素靶向介导光周期对免疫系统作用的靶向组织，（4）确定光周期诱导的对炎性细胞因子产生的敏感性变化是否参与了生理和行为变化，这在其季节性周期不同阶段的哺乳动物的免疫反应中明显出现。