Racial Stereotypes and the Recognition of Child Abuse

种族成见和对虐待儿童的认识

• 批准号: 7196208
• 负责人: ANTOINETTE L LASKEY
• 金额: $ 12.44万
• 依托单位: INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-30 至 2011-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7196208
• 关键词: African American; Internet; awareness; behavioral /social science research tag; caucasian American; child abuse; child health care personnel; clinical research; diagnosis quality /standard; education evaluation /planning; educational resource design /development; focus groups; head /neck injury; health disparity; human subject; physicians; prejudice

DESCRIPTION provided by the applicant): Racial disparities are pervasive throughout medicine and there is a desperate need for research into effective ways to counteract these trends. Through the use of the intervention developed herein, inroads can be made that will impact all areas of medicine. This proposal will lead to an R01 application to further study quality improvement in the diagnosis of child abuse. Abusive head trauma is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for young children. It has been clearly demonstrated that child abuse is diagnosed and reported to child protective services differentially based on race. Further, an extensive body of research shows that physicians use non-malicious, unconscious racial stereotypes in their clinical decision-making. The objective of this proposal is to explore the impact of unconscious racial stereotypes on physicians' recognition and clinical recall in the diagnosis of potential abusive head trauma (AHT). The central hypothesis for this project is that physicians use patient race as a decision-point for evaluation of possible AHT, specifically physicians are more likely to recognize possible indicators of AHT in minority race children and less likely to interpret these same signs as AHT in White children resulting in missed cases. The research aims of this project are (1) Develop a tool that will demonstrate the influence of unconscious racial stereotypes on physicians' diagnosis and information recall in cases of potential abusive head trauma, (2) Using qualitative research techniques develop and pilot test an educational intervention to decrease the effect of physicians' unconscious stereotypes on the decision to evaluate for abusive head trauma (3) Using the novel intervention developed in Aim 2, pilot test the effectiveness of reducing unconscious racial stereotypes in physicians' diagnosis in cases of possible abusive head trauma. Specific Aim 1 will be a web-based randomized controlled study of physicians to study the effect of race on diagnosis and recall of clinical information. Specific Aim 2 will test an intervention designed to raise awareness of unconscious racial stereotypes and use qualitative analysis with clinicians to develop a strategy to ameliorate the effect on future decision-making. Specific Aim 3 will be refinement and testing of this intervention and its effects on physicians' decision-making behavior in order to gather important data needed to develop a successful R01 application.

申请人提供的描述）：种族差异在整个医学领域普遍存在，迫切需要研究有效的方法来抵消这些趋势。通过使用本文开发的干预措施，可以取得影响所有医学领域的进展。该提案将导致 R01 申请，以进一步提高虐待儿童诊断的研究质量。虐待性头部创伤是幼儿发病和死亡的一个重要原因。已经清楚地表明，虐待儿童的诊断和向儿童保护服务机构的报告是根据种族而有区别的。此外，大量研究表明，医生在临床决策中使用非恶意、无意识的种族刻板印象。该提案的目的是探讨无意识的种族刻板印象对医生在诊断潜在的虐待性头部创伤（AHT）时的识别和临床回忆的影响。该项目的中心假设是，医生使用患者种族作为评估可能的 AHT 的决策点，特别是医生更有可能识别少数族裔儿童中 AHT 的可能指标 并且不太可能将这些相同的迹象解释为白人儿童的 AHT，从而导致漏诊。这 该项目的研究目标是（1）开发一种工具，以证明无意识的种族刻板印象对医生在潜在的虐待性头部创伤的诊断和信息回忆方面的影响，（2）使用定性研究技术开发和试点测试教育干预措施减少医生无意识的刻板印象对评估虐待性头部创伤的决定的影响 (3) 使用目标 2 中开发的新颖干预措施，试点测试在可能的虐待性头部案件中减少医生诊断中无意识种族刻板印象的有效性 创伤。具体目标 1 将是一项基于网络的医生随机对照研究，旨在研究种族对诊断和临床信息回忆的影响。具体目标 2 将测试旨在提高对无意识种族刻板印象的认识的干预措施，并与临床医生一起使用定性分析来制定策略以改善对未来决策的影响。具体目标 3 将完善和测试这种干预措施及其对医生决策行为的影响，以便收集开发成功的 R01 应用程序所需的重要数据。