Fmri Studies Of Emotional Development

FMRI 情绪发展研究

• 批准号: 7312871
• 负责人: Daniel Pine
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7312871
• 关键词: Fmri; Studies; Emotional; Development

The goal of this set of projects is to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare the degree to which brain regions of adolescents and adults are engaged by tasks involving processing of emotionally salient stimuli. Based on developmental continuities in the relevant psychological processes, we anticipate considerable similarity across age groups in the topography of brain regions engaged by relevant tasks. However, we hypothesize that developmental differences in cortico-limbic circuits of adolescents and adults will be reflected in patterns of fMRI activation. Specifically, we hypothesize in both adults and adolescents that attention, threat perception, and memory tasks involving the processing of emotionally salient stimuli will engage the amygdala, cingulate gyrus, and association cortex of medial/inferior prefrontal cortex and temporal regions. Nevertheless, height of task-associated activation is hypothesized to differ between adolescents and adults within these regions. Moreover, prior studies distinguish puberty vs. age-related aspects of cognitive development: some aspects of attention, threat perception, or memory development relate to changes in chronological age whereas other aspects, particularly those involving emotional processes, relate to pubertal status. Therefore, we expect eventually to use emotion-evoking fMRI tasks to test hypotheses on the presence of complementary, distinguishable puberty vs. age-related components of brain development. Due to the limited fMRI database on neurodevelopmental aspects of emotional processes, one initial goal of the current project is to compare brain activation patterns in adults and adolescents, irrespective of pubertal status. A second initial goal is to generate behavioral data in adults and adolescents designed to inform the implementation of future fMRI tasks. Studies accomplishing both goals will facilitate eventual studies designed to distinguish puberty vs. age-related aspects of brain development. To meet these initial goals, the current project implemented a series of studies during the first three years in which data have been collected. For our fMRI studies, brain activation profiles were examined to four sets of emotionally evocative stimuli. This included evocative faces, standardized emotion-inducing picture sets, monetary feedback during a decision task, and threat of a mildly aversive air-puff. In total, an initial set of five fMRI studies were completed in samples of between 14 and 17 psychiatrically healthy adults. Two additional fMRI studies were completed in samples of between 14 and 17 psychiatrically healthy adolescents. During the past year, these experiments have been replicated in additional cohorts of healthy adolescents and adults. In each of these, hypothesized brain activation patterns emerged. Some of these tasks involve face emotion processing whereas others rely on simulated social interactions. Results from these studies are summarized in multiple publications from our group. In an effort to replicate these associations, we have acquired further data sets in other samples that are larger than the initial data sets. We will be analyzing these data during the coming year, with the plan of also publishing these findings. Finally, for our behavioral studies, neuropsychological data were gathered to facilitate the development of new fMRI tasks. These included data on four additional tasks. In these tasks, between 20-60 subjects were studied, including approximately equal numbers of adolescents and adults. Three additional manuscripts using these data have been submitted and are under-review. We are also in the process of analyzing other data and preparing research reports for other tasks.

这组项目的目的是使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）比较青少年和成年人的大脑区域通过涉及处理情绪显着刺激的任务的程度。基于相关心理过程中的发展连续性，我们预计相关任务所参与的大脑区域地形中的年龄段之间会有很大的相似性。但是，我们假设青少年和成年人的皮质膜回路的发育差异将反映在fMRI激活的模式中。具体而言，我们假设在成年人和青少年中，注意，威胁感知和记忆任务涉及情感显着刺激的处理将吸引杏仁核，扣带回和内侧/下额前额叶皮层和临时区域。然而，假设与这些地区的青少年和成年人之间的任务相关激活的高度有所不同。此外，先前的研究区分了认知发展的青春期与年龄相关的方面：注意力，威胁感知或记忆发展的某些方面与年代年龄的变化有关，而其他方面，尤其是涉及情绪过程的方面，与青春期状态有关。因此，我们期望最终使用情绪引起的fMRI任务来测试有关大脑发育的互补，可区分的青春期与年龄相关的组成部分的假设。由于关于情绪过程的神经发育方面的FMRI数据库有限，因此当前项目的最初目标是比较成人和青少年的大脑激活模式，而与青春期状态无关。第二个初始目标是在旨在告知未来FMRI任务的成人和青少年中生成行为数据。实现这两个目标的研究将有助于最终的研究，旨在区分大脑发育的青春期与与年龄有关的方面。 为了满足这些最初的目标，当前的项目在收集数据的头三年内实施了一系列研究。在我们的功能磁共振成像研究中，对四组情绪令人回味的刺激进行了检查。这包括令人回味的面孔，标准化情绪的图片集，决策任务期间的货币反馈以及对轻度厌恶的气息的威胁。总的来说，在14至17个精神健康的成年人中，完成了一组五项fMRI研究。在14至17个精神健康的青少年的样本中完成了另外两项功能磁共振成像研究。在过去的一年中，这些实验已在健康的青少年和成年人中进行了复制。在这些中，出现了假设的大脑激活模式。其中一些任务涉及面对情绪处理，而其他任务则依靠模拟的社交互动。这些研究的结果总结在我们小组的多个出版物中。为了复制这些关联，我们在其他大于初始数据集的样本中获取了更多数据集。我们将在来年分析这些数据，并计划发布这些发现。 最后，对于我们的行为研究，收集了神经心理学数据，以促进新的FMRI任务的发展。其中包括有关其他四个任务的数据。在这些任务中，研究了20-60名受试者，包括大约相等数量的青少年和成人。使用这些数据的另外三个手稿已提交，并且在审查不足。我们还在分析其他数据并为其他任务准备研究报告。