Motor, Vestibular, and Mnemonic Interactions in Directional Heading Perceptions

定向方向知觉中的运动、前庭和助记相互作用

• 批准号: 7533235
• 负责人: JEFFREY Steven TAUBE
• 金额: $ 30.92万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7533235
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animal Model; Animals; Anterior; Anterodorsal nucleus of thalamus; Area; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Characteristics; Class; Complex; Condition; Corpus striatum structure; Cues; Darkness; Dimensions; Disease; Disorientation; Disruption; Dizziness; Dorsal; Environment; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Fire - disasters; Goals; Grant; Head; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Lateral; Lead; Learning; Limbic System; Location; Memory; Modality; Monitor; Motion Sickness; Motor; Movement; Mutant Strains Mice; Nature; Neuraxis; Neurons; Organ; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Patients; Perception; Performance; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Public Health; Range; Rattus; Relative (related person); Research; Role; Rotary Nystagmus; Semicircular canal structure; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Space Perception; Stress; Structure; Sum; Supervision; System; Tactile; Techniques; Testing; Text; Thalamic Nuclei; Thinking; Time; Vertigo; Vestibular Diseases; Visual; base; cognitive function; day; design; entorhinal cortex; experience; neural circuit; neurobiological mechanism; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; older patient; otoconia; relating to nervous system; research study; response; visual-vestibular; way finding

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One cognitive function often taken for granted is the ability to maintain a sense of direction and location while moving about in the environment. This awareness is essential for getting around and functioning normally in the world. When our sense of spatial orientation is compromised by central nervous system or vestibular disease, the seriousness and devastation of the disorder becomes readily apparent both to the patient and clinician. Common problems include dizziness, balance, and spatial disorientation. To develop effective treatments for these disorders, we will need to understand the neural processes underlying spatial orientation and what goes awry with these processes that brings about disorientation. Thus, the long-term goal of this proposal is to better understand the neural mechanisms contributing to spatial perception of one's orientation. Using an animal model and electrophysiological techniques we will record from a class of neurons in rats that encodes the animal's directional heading in allocentric coordinates. These neurons are referred to as 'head direction (HD) cells' and have been identified in non-human primates. Our aim is to understand how head direction cells respond under a variety of conditions that pertain to issues of spatial orientation and disorientation. The experiments investigate 1) the response of HD cells in three dimensions - in particular, how they respond when the animal is inverted and locomotes upside-down while performing a spatial memory task, 2) the role of the vestibular system, both the semi-circular canals and the otolith organs, in generating HD cell responses, 3) the role of motor/proprioceptive cues in the discharge of angular head velocity cells, 4) the role of limbic system circuitry in generating head direction cell responses in the striatum, and 5) the response of HD cells during periods of disorientation. In sum, the results we obtain will provide essential information for understanding the neurophysiological basis for spatial orientation disorientation, and enhance our understanding of how spatial information is organized and processed in the mammalian brain. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The results from these experiments will provide key information in understanding the basic neural mechanisms underlying spatial orientation. Ultimately, we would like to develop a better neurophysiological understanding of disorientation and use this information to develop effective treatments for spatial disorders such as vertigo, motion sickness, navigational disorders. Further, it is common for patients with vestibular disorders, elderly patients, and patients with Alzheimer's disease, a disease often associated with marked pathology in limbic system structures, to experience spatial disorientation to the extent that constant supervision is required. Learning how spatial information is processed in the rat brain will provide clues about the complex nature of spatial processes in humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：一种经常理所当然的认知功能是在环境中移动时保持方向和位置感的能力。这种意识对于在世界上正常运转和运作至关重要。当中枢神经系统或前庭疾病损害我们的空间取向感时，这种疾病的严重性和破坏对患者和临床医生都显而易见。常见问题包括头晕，平衡和空间迷失方向。为了开发这些疾病的有效治疗方法，我们需要了解空间取向的神经过程，以及这些引起迷失方向的这些过程的问题。因此，该提案的长期目标是更好地了解有助于空间感知的神经机制。使用动物模型和电生理技术，我们将从大鼠中的一类神经元中记录，这些神经元编码动物的方向性坐标。这些神经元称为“头部方向（HD）细胞”，已在非人类灵长类动物中鉴定出来。我们的目的是了解头部指导细胞如何在各种条件下响应，这些条件与空间取向和迷失方向问题有关。 The experiments investigate 1) the response of HD cells in three dimensions - in particular, how they respond when the animal is inverted and locomotes upside-down while performing a spatial memory task, 2) the role of the vestibular system, both the semi-circular canals and the otolith organs, in generating HD cell responses, 3) the role of motor/proprioceptive cues in the discharge of angular head velocity cells, 4）边缘系统电路在产生纹状体中的头部方向响应中的作用，以及5）在迷失方向期间HD细胞的响应。总而言之，我们获得的结果将为理解空间取向的神经生理基础提供基本信息，并增强我们对在哺乳动物大脑中如何组织和处理空间信息的理解。公共卫生相关性这些实验的结果将提供关键信息，以了解空间取向基本的基本神经机制。最终，我们希望对迷失方向有更好的神经生理学理解，并使用这些信息来开发有效的空间疾病治疗方法，例如眩晕，运动疾病，导航疾病。此外，对于前庭疾病，老年患者和阿尔茨海默氏病的患者，这种疾病通常与边缘系统结构中经常有明显病理学有关的疾病通常经历空间迷失方向，以至于需要持续的监督，这是常见的。了解在大鼠大脑中如何处理空间信息将为人类空间过程的复杂性质提供线索。