Poverty, Child Development, and Early Education

贫困、儿童发展和早期教育

基本信息

批准号：
7230589
负责人：
MADLENE Patience HAMILTON
金额：
$ 2.92万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-06-01 至 2011-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7230589
关键词：
Achievement Address American Body Composition Caucasoid Race Child Child Care Child Development Child Mental Health Childhood Class Color Credentialing Data Data Analyses Data Sources Demography Depth Development Disadvantaged Disease regression Economic Conditions Economics Education Environment Equation Experimental Designs Exposure to Factor Analysis Faculty Family Family Process Fellowship Foundations Funding Future Generations Goals Graph Growth Growth and Development function Guidelines Hand Health Home environment Hour Household Inequality Informal Social Control Intervention Journals Knowledge Learning Life Linear Models Manuscripts Measures Mental Health Mentors Methodology Methods Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Names National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Not Hispanic or Latino Parenting behavior Pattern Peer Review Personal Satisfaction Phase Policies Population Population Research Population Study Poverty Preparation Problem behavior Psychological Factors Public Health Publications Race Rate Reading Research Research Design Research Personnel Research Project Grants Research Training Risk Role Sampling Schools Social Class Social Mobility Social Policies Social Psychology Social Sciences Sociology Stratification Students Surveys System Techniques Testing Time Training Training Activity Variant Week Work Writing Youth base career design developmental psychology elementary school falls health disparity mortality named group peer pre-doctoral programs psychologic psychosocial skills social social skills socioeconomics statistics symposium theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project brings a developmental approach to the education of poor children in order to understand why they start off elementary school behind their peers and then fall further behind from year to year. With data from a large sample of American children in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD), growth curve modeling techniques will estimate trajectories of math and reading achievement from the beginning of elementary school up to fifth grade for poor, near-poor, and non-poor children, assess the degree to which economic differences in these trajectories are a function of corresponding differences in psychological development, social competence, and family processes leading up to the transition into elementary school, evaluate the degree to which these disparities in achievement occur and how the developmental correlates of achievement vary across race/ethnic populations and school types, and explore the degree to which exposure to high-quality programs and classroom environments condition these economic disparities. Such research will inform social policy by identifying critical intervention points and manipulable risk and protective factors that can be addressed or leveraged in such intervention. Relevance to Public Health Health disparities, including those related to economic status, are a major public health issue in the U.S. This project will identify specific mechanisms that reproduce these disparities across generations by investigating how aspects of poor children's psychosocial development and family processes disrupt their transitions into formal schooling. Because this transition point is the foundation of the educational career and because educational attainment is the foundation of health and mortality in the long term, this project will directly inform the search for policy levers in efforts to combat health disparities.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目为贫困儿童的教育提供了一种发展方法，以了解为什么他们从小学开始就落后于同龄人，然后一年比一年落后。根据 NICHD 早期儿童保育和青少年发展研究 (SECCYD) 中大量美国儿童样本的数据，生长曲线建模技术将估计贫困家庭从小学开始到五年级的数学和阅读成绩轨迹。 - 贫困和非贫困儿童，评估这些轨迹中的经济差异在多大程度上是心理发展、社会能力和过渡到小学之前的家庭过程的相应差异的函数，评估这些差异的程度成就上的差距以及不同种族/民族人口和学校类型之间成就的发展相关性如何变化，并探讨接触高质量课程和课堂环境在多大程度上影响了这些经济差异。此类研究将通过确定关键干预点以及可在此类干预中解决或利用的可操纵风险和保护因素来为社会政策提供信息。与公共卫生的相关性健康差异，包括与经济状况相关的健康差异，是美国的一个主要公共卫生问题。该项目将通过调查贫困儿童的社会心理发展和家庭进程的各个方面如何扰乱他们的转变，确定在代际间重现这些差异的具体机制进入正规学校教育。由于这一转变点是教育事业的基础，而且教育程度是长期健康和死亡率的基础，因此该项目将直接为寻找消除健康差距的政策杠杆提供信息。