Social visual pursuit with mesiofrontal-limbic lesions

近额叶边缘病变的社会视觉追求

• 批准号: 7019644
• 负责人: ANNE-PIERRE S GOURSAUD
• 金额: $ 8.45万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2008-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7019644
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; amygdala; animal communication behavior; autism; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; cues; disease /disorder model; experimental brain lesion; face; frontal lobe /cortex; limbic system; neural information processing; neuropathology; neuropsychological tests; smooth pursuit eye movement; social behavior; videotape /videodisc; visual stimulus; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The development of proper social skills requires the ability to discern and interpret social signals arising from conspecific faces as well as that to monitor their social interactions. These basic skills are abnormal in individual with autism and may account for the profound social deficits seen in autism. Studies of social visual pursuit in adolescents and adults with autism have shown atypical patterns of visual scanning of both faces and naturalistic social situations. Autistic individuals, as opposed to normal subjects, look preferentially at the mouth than the eye area of faces and neglect crucial social and communicative cues while focusing preferentially on non-social cues. Although human as well as non-human primate studies have begun to provide some information on the key components of the neural network mediating social cognition, such as the amygdala and highly interconnected midtemporal structures and the mesial prefrontal cortex, much knowledge remains to be acquired in this domain. The overall hypothesis to be tested is whether lesion of mesiofrontal-limbic structures in adult monkeys yield to abnormal face processing and visual social orientation patterns, such as those observed in autistic individuals. The specific aims of the present application are to compare visual scanning patterns 1) to still images and videotaped clips effaces of communicating primates versus that of inanimate and animate objects and 2) to videotaped clips of naturalistic social interactions between monkeys versus inanimate background distractions in intact versus operated adult monkeys who underwent mesiofrontal-limbic lesions. This innovative study will advance our knowledge of the neurobiological basis of primate social cognition, particularly perception and identification of social signals, and thus will provide critical insights into the neural dysfunctional processes seen in autism as well as significant clues for the development of new therapies.

描述（由申请人提供）：适当的社交技能的发展需要能够辨别和解释来自同种面孔的社交信号以及监控他们的社交互动的能力。这些基本技能在自闭症患者中是异常的，可能是自闭症患者严重的社交缺陷的原因。对患有自闭症的青少年和成人的社会视觉追求的研究表明，他们对面部和自然社会情境进行视觉扫描的非典型模式。与正常人相反，自闭症患者更喜欢看嘴而不是眼睛区域，他们会忽视重要的社交和交流线索，而优先关注非社交线索。尽管人类和非人类灵长类动物的研究已经开始提供一些关于介导社会认知的神经网络关键组成部分的信息，例如杏仁核和高度互连的中颞叶结构以及内侧前额叶皮层，但仍有许多知识有待获得这个域。要测试的总体假设是成年猴子的近额叶边缘结构的损伤是否会导致异常的面部处理和视觉社会定向模式，例如在自闭症个体中观察到的情况。本申请的具体目的是比较视觉扫描模式：1) 交流灵长类动物与无生命和有生命物体的静止图像和录像片段的擦除；2) 猴子之间自然社交互动的录像片段与完整无生命背景干扰的录像片段。与接受过近额叶边缘损伤的手术成年猴相比。这项创新研究将增进我们对灵长类动物社会认知的神经生物学基础的了解，特别是对社会信号的感知和识别，从而为自闭症中的神经功能障碍过程提供重要的见解，并为新疗法的开发提供重要线索。