Neurovascular Coupling in Cerebrum and Cerebellum

大脑和小脑的神经血管耦合

• 批准号: 7069116
• 负责人: Anna Devor
• 金额: $ 39.51万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-23 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7069116
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain circulation; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; cerebellar Purkinje cell; cerebellum; cerebrum; electrophysiology; electrostimulus; functional magnetic resonance imaging; hemodynamics; laboratory rat; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; stimulus /response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has the potential of fulfilling a long held dream of the neuroscience community and of the public at large to view the human brain in action. However, the detailed relation between the neurovascular parameters mapped in fMRI, and the underlying neural activity, are poorly understood at present. In our previous work we demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation, and neuronal spiking and synaptic electrical activity in rat somatosensory (Barrel) cortex. In this proposal we will extend our study to the cerebellar cortex in order to investigate whether the same general rules can be applied to neurovascular coupling in both structures. While the main focus of this proposal is on the cerebellum, we will in parallel continue and expand our previous work in Barrel cortex to facilitate the comparison between the two (2). We will perform simultaneous optical measurements of hemodynamic signals (blood flow, volume, oxygenation) and electrophysiological measurements of neuronal activity, and will use an empirically developed relationship to construct a "transfer function" of neurovascular coupling. Despite fundamental differences in neuronal and vascular organization between cerebral and cerebellar cortices we hypothesize a conservation of the main principles of coupling when taking into account the sum activity of Purkinje and granule cells, and differentiating the contribution of simple and complex spikes. The combination of optical imaging techniques and "gold standard" electrophysiology not only provides a tool for correlation of hemodynamic and neuronal signals, but also enables better spatio-temporal estimation of brain activity. Thus, in addition to addressing the question of neurovascular coupling, we will study key questions of cerebellar physiology centered around the influence of parallel fibers on spatial extend of cerebellar cortical activation. Investigations proposed here will provide essential information to bridge the gap between the growing body of fMRI data and generations of detailed electrophysiological studies in cerebrum and cerebellum. Ultimately, accurate interpretation of imaging data in terms of neuronal activity will play an important role in the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of human disease.

描述（由申请人提供）：功能磁共振成像（fMRI）有可能实现神经科学界和广大公众长期以来的梦想，即观察人类大脑的活动。然而，目前人们对功能磁共振成像中映射的神经血管参数与潜在神经活动之间的详细关系知之甚少。在我们之前的工作中，我们证明了血红蛋白浓度和氧合作用以及大鼠体感（桶状）皮质中神经元尖峰和突触电活动之间的非线性关系。在本提案中，我们将把我们的研究扩展到小脑皮层，以研究相同的一般规则是否可以应用于这两种结构中的神经血管耦合。虽然该提案的主要焦点是小脑，但我们将同时继续和扩展我们之前在桶状皮质中的工作，以促进两者之间的比较 (2)。我们将同时进行血流动力学信号（血流量、容量、氧合）的光学测量和神经元活动的电生理学测量，并将使用经验开发的关系来构建神经血管耦合的“传递函数”。尽管大脑皮质和小脑皮质之间的神经元和血管组织存在根本差异，但我们假设在考虑浦肯野细胞和颗粒细胞的总活动并区分简单和复杂尖峰的贡献时，耦合的主要原理是保守的。光学成像技术与“金标准”电生理学的结合不仅提供了血流动力学和神经元信号相关性的工具，而且还能够更好地估计大脑活动的时空。因此，除了解决神经血管耦合问题外，我们还将研究小脑生理学的关键问题，重点是平行纤维对小脑皮质激活空间延伸的影响。这里提出的研究将提供必要的信息，以弥合不断增长的功能磁共振成像数据与大脑和小脑的详细电生理学研究之间的差距。最终，对神经元活动成像数据的准确解释将在人类疾病的早期检测、诊断和治疗中发挥重要作用。