Age Differences in Ethanol Effects: Tolerance and Reward

乙醇影响的年龄差异：耐受性和奖励

• 批准号: 7057500
• 负责人: ROBERT C RISTUCCIA
• 金额: $ 3.04万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NY,BINGHAMTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7057500
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); age difference; alcoholic beverage consumption; autonomic nervous system; biomarker; brain electrical activity; dopamine; drug tolerance; ethanol; laboratory rat; neuropsychology; neurotoxicology; neurotransmitter transport; predoctoral investigator; reinforcer; substance abuse epidemiology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While the exact cause of the increase in ethanol consumption during adolescence is not known, age differences in tolerance development and sensitivity to ethanol's rewarding effect may play a contributory role. The proposed research will examine age differences in tolerance to ethanol's effects on the autonomic system as well as several potential markers of ethanol's hedonic effects between adolescent and adult rats. Using a 2-hour limited access paradigm, tolerance to ethanol's autonomic effects as well as the effects of ethanol on markers of dopamine functioning within brain pathways implicated in reward will be measured in animals of both ages. This testing paradigm will provide a unique assessment of age differences in these factors as previous work in this area has used experimenter-administered ethanol but work in our laboratory has indicated that mode of ethanol administration may differentially impact adolescents and adults. Adolescents are expected to show less acute sensitivity to ethanol, faster tolerance development and less dopaminergic activity following chronic ethanol exposure than adults, supporting the hypothesis that younger animals consume more ethanol than adults in part because of their relative insensitivity to its effects.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然青春期乙醇消耗增加的确切原因尚不清楚，但耐受性发展的年龄差异和对乙醇奖励效应的敏感性可能发挥着重要作用。拟议的研究将检查乙醇耐受性的年龄差异对自主系统的影响以及几个方面的影响。 乙醇在青少年和成年大鼠之间的享乐效应的潜在标志。使用 2 小时有限访问范式，将在两个年龄段的动物中测量对乙醇自主神经效应的耐受性以及乙醇对与奖励有关的大脑通路内多巴胺功能标记物的影响。该测试范例将为这些因素的年龄差异提供独特的评估，因为该领域的先前工作使用了实验者施用的乙醇，但我们实验室的工作表明乙醇施用模式可能对青少年和成人产生不同的影响。与成年人相比，长期接触乙醇后，预计青少年对乙醇的敏感性较低，耐受性发展较快，多巴胺能活性较低，这支持了以下假设：年轻动物比成年人消耗更多的乙醇，部分原因是它们对其影响相对不敏感。