Innovations in Child Diagnosis

儿童诊断的创新

• 批准号: 6938839
• 负责人: EMILY S LEFKOWITZ
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-07 至 2006-03-06
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6938839
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); anxiety disorders; attention deficit disorder; behavioral /social science research tag; child (0-11); child mental disorders; child psychology; clinical research; decision making; diagnosis quality /standard; health care personnel performance; human data; interview; judgment; major depression; mental disorder diagnosis; mental health personnel; oppositional defiant disorder; predoctoral investigator; questionnaires; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study examines child psychologists' use of the DSM-IV when making diagnostic decisions. We will test whether clinicians follow DSM-IV rules or utilize internally-held theories by asking participants to create individual theory maps representing each of four specified DSM-IV disorders and then to assess clinical vignettes portraying children with these same disorders. We will further gauge the impact of internalizing and externalizing symptoms on clinicians' application of rules and theory during diagnosis. Finally, we will investigate how discrepant data from multiple sources influence clinician's decision-making processes. This study is unique in (1) application of an experimental technique not utilized, to date, with a population of child psychologists, (2) synthesis of the respective contributions of the literature on clinical decision-making and categorization to further the understanding of the diagnostic behavior of child clinicians. This knowledge can ultimately be utilized in systematic efforts to improve diagnostic reliability and consequently advance the dissemination of empirically validated treatments to appropriately identified patients in outpatient clinical settings.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究考察了儿童心理学家在做出诊断决定时使用 DSM-IV 的情况。我们将要求参与者创建代表四种特定 DSM-IV 疾病中每一种的单独理论图，然后评估描述患有这些相同疾病的儿童的临床片段，以测试临床医生是否遵循 DSM-IV 规则或利用内部理论。我们将进一步评估内化和外化症状对临床医生在诊断过程中应用规则和理论的影响。最后，我们将研究来自多个来源的差异数据如何影响临床医生的决策过程。这项研究的独特之处在于（1）应用了迄今为止尚未在儿童心理学家中使用的实验技术，（2）综合了有关临床决策和分类的文献的各自贡献，以进一步理解儿童临床医生的诊断行为。这些知识最终可以用于系统性的努力，以提高诊断的可靠性，从而促进在门诊临床环境中向适当识别的患者传播经经验验证的治疗方法。