Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence in Pregnant Women

孕妇亲密伴侣暴力的危险因素

基本信息

批准号：
7220147
负责人：
JULIANNE Christina Flanagan
金额：
$ 2.52万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-01-01 至 2009-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health concern in the United States and has been shown to be highly prevalent during pregnancy, particularly for couples of low socioeconomic status. IPV poses an especially serious problem for pregnant women as it puts both mother and unborn child at risk for severe physical harm, including death. This application proposes an investigation of potential risk factors for IPV in pregnancy, such as alcohol use, stress, infidelity, jealousy, and relationship discord, from both a crosssectional and longitudinal perspective. The overarching theoretical frameork for this study is based on Leonard's conceptual model of substance use and intimate partner violence. This theory proposes that proximal (immediate situational issues such as intoxication) and distal (ongoing, pervasive problems such as relationship dissatisfaction) factors in an overall negative context (such as low socioeconomic status or difficult pregnancy) will precipitate relationship violence. In the proposed study, it is argued that stressors associated with pregnancy in combination with external stressors such as low socioeconomic status creates tenuous circumstances that in the presence of alcohol predispose couples to physical aggression. Additionally, evolutionary theory as discussed by Buss & Duntley's evolved homicide theory and Harris' social-cognitive theory is used to explain the particular risks to violence that pregnant women may face. This theory suggests that the 'violence perpetrated against expectant women is either a) a symptom of the perpetrator's innate desire to protect his reproductive status or b) a product of relational jealousy of the unborn child in which the male partner feels his security in the romantic relationship is threatened by the transition from dyad to triad. While Leonard's conceptual model has been supported in common couples and batterer populations, neither model has been tested in expectant individuals. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation explicitly examining factors that may put pregnant women at increased risk for experiencing intimate partner violence. Expectant women (n=200) attending any one of several sites of a public health clinic system will be invited to participate in order to investigate 1) the extent to which alcohol use, stress, infidelity, jealousy, and relationship dissatisfaction predict intimate partner violence in this sample, and 2) to evaluate the potential moderating effects of alcohol use on the relationships between jealousy and intimate partner violence and stress and intimate partner violence.

描述（由申请人提供）：亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 是美国的一个主要公共卫生问题，并且已被证明在怀孕期间非常普遍，特别是对于社会经济地位较低的夫妇而言。 IPV 对孕妇造成特别严重的问题，因为它使母亲和未出生的孩子面临严重身体伤害（包括死亡）的风险。该申请提出从横向和纵向角度对妊娠期 IPV 的潜在危险因素进行调查，例如饮酒、压力、不忠、嫉妒和关系不和谐。这项研究的总体理论框架基于伦纳德的物质使用和亲密伴侣暴力的概念模型。该理论提出，在整体消极的背景下（如社会经济地位低下或怀孕困难），近端（直接的情境问题，如中毒）和远端（持续的、普遍的问题，如关系不满）因素会引发关系暴力。在拟议的研究中，有人认为，与怀孕相关的压力因素与社会经济地位低等外部压力因素相结合，造成了脆弱的环境，在酒精存在的情况下，夫妻容易遭受身体攻击。此外，巴斯和邓特利的进化凶杀理论和哈里斯的社会认知理论所讨论的进化理论被用来解释孕妇可能面临的特殊暴力风险。该理论认为，“对孕妇实施的暴力要么是a）犯罪者保护自己生育状态的内在愿望的症状，要么b）对未出生的孩子的关系嫉妒的产物，其中男性伴侣在浪漫的关系中感到安全。”关系受到从二元关系到三元关系的转变的威胁。虽然伦纳德的概念模型在普通夫妇和施暴者群体中得到了支持，但这两种模型都没有在孕妇身上进行过测试。据我们所知，这是第一次明确调查可能使孕妇遭受亲密伴侣暴力风险增加的因素的调查。将邀请在公共卫生诊所系统的多个站点之一就诊的孕妇 (n=200) 参与调查 1) 饮酒、压力、不忠、嫉妒和关系不满在多大程度上预测亲密伴侣暴力在此样本中，2) 评估饮酒对嫉妒与亲密伴侣暴力以及压力与亲密伴侣暴力之间关系的潜在调节作用。