Incarceration Effects on Prevention of Drug Use, STI-HIV and Recidivism

监禁对预防吸毒、性传播感染艾滋病毒和累犯的影响

• 批准号: 7356177
• 负责人: Sage J. Kim
• 金额: $ 5.53万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-20 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7356177
• 关键词: Affect; African American; Books; Censuses; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Communities; Data; Depth; Disadvantaged; Distress; Drug usage; Education; Effectiveness; Employment; Evaluation; Exhibits; Female; Gender; General Population; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; Health; Health Services Accessibility; Healthcare; Home environment; Homelessness; Household Heads; Imprisonment; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Jail; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Mentorship; Minority Groups; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Populations at Risk; Poverty; Prevention Research; Probability; Public Assistance; Public Health; Purpose; Questionnaires; Rate; Recording of previous events; Relapse; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Services; Sex Behavior; Social Network; Social Work; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Surveys; Testing; Time; Training; Unemployment; Week; Woman; Women' s Health; Work; behavioral health; cohort; community living; demographics; design; drug abuse prevention; experience; high school; improved; men; offender; programs; psychosocial; recidivism; reincarceration; segregation; service utilization; skills; social; socioeconomics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed training and research is to examine the public health impact of incarceration on female inmates' return to the community from a large urban jail. The training plan will provide interdisciplinary mentorship for the candidate in refining theoretical knowledge and research skills required for subsequent prevention research. The proposed study will examine relapse to drug use, STIs/HIV risks, and recidivism over time, by exploring related individual and community factors which may be unique to female inmates. While a large proportion of current incarcerations is drug related, these drug offenders often come from disadvantaged neighborhoods. Our goal is to better understand the impact of incarceration on the health of female inmates and their communities so that we may then develop gender specific interventions for successful reentry into those communities. To achieve this goal, we propose the following: 1) to conduct qualitative in-depth interviews to explore women's experiences with incarceration, health concerns, and service needs upon release. The findings will be used in designing the following survey questionnaire. 2) Conduct survey interviews with a cohort of 400 female inmates at baseline in jail, two weeks and three months post-release. 3) Establish community variables including community disadvantage, residential stability, concentrated incarceration and STIs, using booking, laboratory, and the US 2000 census data. These community variables will be matched with the survey data for the following analysis. 4) Test the effectiveness of the proposed conceptual model in explaining the impact of incarceration on female inmates returning to the community and revise accordingly. Multi-level and spatial analyses will be performed to examine the effects of community and individual factors on female inmates' primary outcomes: relapse to drugs, risks of STIs/HIV, recidivism and secondary outcomes: homelessness, employment, access to services, reunification with children, and psychosocial distress. The associations between community and individual factors and women's social network and social support measures will be examined. The effects of social network and social support on these outcomes will also be examined. Health problems among inmates are public health concerns, as the majority of inmates return to the community after a short stay in jail. Improving the health of this population-at-risk will help protect the health and well-being of the public.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的培训和研究是检查监禁对女性囚犯从大型城市监狱返回社区的公共卫生影响。培训计划将为候选人提供跨学科的指导，以完善后续预防研究所需的理论知识和研究技能。拟议的研究将通过探索女性囚犯可能独有的相关个人和社区因素来研究对药物使用，传染/艾滋病毒风险和累犯的复发。尽管当前的监禁很大一部分与药物有关，但这些毒品犯罪者通常来自处境不利的社区。我们的目标是更好地了解监禁对女性囚犯及其社区健康的影响，以便我们可以开发特定的性别干预措施，以成功地重新进入这些社区。为了实现这一目标，我们提出以下建议：1）进行定性的深入访谈，以探索妇女在发布时的监禁，健康问题和服务需求的经历。这些发现将用于设计以下调查问卷。 2）在释放后两个星期零三个月的基线，对400名女囚犯进行了调查访谈。 3）建立社区变量，包括使用预订，实验室和美国2000年人口普查数据，包括社区劣势，住宅稳定性，集中监禁和性传播感染。这些社区变量将与调查数据匹配以进行以下分析。 4）测试拟议概念模型在解释监禁对返回社区并进行相应修改的女性囚犯的影响方面的影响。将进行多层次和空间分析，以检查社区和个体因素对女性囚犯的主要结果的影响：对药物的复发，性传播感染/艾滋病毒的风险，累犯和次要结果：无家可归，无家可归，就业，服务，获得服务，与儿童团聚以及精神痛苦。将研究社区与个人因素与妇女社会网络与社会支持措施之间的关联。还将研究社交网络和社会支持对这些结果的影响。囚犯中的健康问题是公共卫生问题，因为大多数囚犯在入狱短暂逗留后返回社区。改善这种危险的人口健康将有助于保护公众的健康和福祉。