Sub-micrometer zero valent metal for in-situ remediation of contaminated aquifers

用于受污染含水层原位修复的亚微米零价金属

• 批准号: 7388551
• 负责人: John Freim
• 金额: $ 8.24万
• 依托单位: ONMATERIALS, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-29 至 2007-03-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7388551
• 关键词: Address; Aerobic; Alkanes; Alkenes; Alloys; Aluminum Magnesium; Area; Bacteria; Biodegradation; Bioremediations; Boxing; Chemicals; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Conversion disorder; Copyright; Daughter; Deposition; Engineering; Environment; Ethane; Ethers; Ethyl Ether; Exposure to; Glycol; Glycols; Halogenated Hydrocarbons; Halogens; Health; Hydroxide Ion; Hydroxides; In Situ; Incineration; Industry; Injectable; Injection of therapeutic agent; Iron; Kinetics; Liver Dysfunction; Location; Marketing; Mechanics; Metals; Methanobacteria; Methodology; Nervous system structure; Object Attachment; Parents; Particle Size; Pathway interactions; Performance; Phase; Poison; Polyethylene Glycols; Powder dose form; Procedures; Process; Propylene Glycols; Propylene glycol; Protocols documentation; Pump; Rate; Reaction; Relative (related person); Research Infrastructure; Resistance; Risk; Scheme; Series; Silicon Dioxide; Soil; Solutions; Solvents; Source; Standards of Weights and Measures; Surface; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Today; Trichloroethanes; Water Supply; Work; Zinc; aqueous; attenuation; base; cancer risk; cost; dehalogenation; design; drinking water; experience; improved; innovation; nanoparticle; oxidation; particle; pollutant; programs; prospective; remediation; research study; toxic metal; vapor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In prior decades, chlorinated hydrocarbons were used for cleaning and degreasing. In numerous locations these toxic chemicals have been introduced into shallow aquifers and the public drinking water supply is adversely affected. Health effects associated with exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbons include damage to the liver, nervous system, and an increased cancer risk. Traditonal ex-situ remediation technologies are expensive and carry the potential for worker exposure and environmental release. Treating the contaminants in-situ at the underground source is a more effective remediation protocol. A promising in-situ remediation methodology uses common metals to react with and destroy groundwater contaminants. Submicrometer metal powders, with a large fraction of reactive surface area and good underground mobility, are ideally suited for this application. A few sources of sub-micrometer iron have emerged but the cost is prohibitively expensive for most applications. To fill the market need, OnMaterials has develped a procedure to make low cost sub-micrometer iron powders engineered for the remediation marketplace. The Phase I study will further product functionality by synthesizing and evaluating the performance of new powder compositions. The ability of the highly reactive, next-generation materials to treat normally stable groundwater contaminants, including poylchlorinated biphenyls, will be tested. The study will also evaluate the ability of the new powders to convert common groundwater contaminants, including carbon tetrachloride, directly to non-chlorinated compounds without producing also-toxic chlorinated intermediaries. The Phase I work will conclude by making zero valent metal-containing water in oil emulsions that can accomplish the in-situ remediation of non aqueous phase contaminants. The successful demonstration of product performance in the Phase I work will lead to Phase II field studies in conjunction with environmental consultants and contractors. Phase III will result in private commercialization of this enablilng, state-of-theart technology.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的几十年中，使用氯化碳氢化合物进行清洁和脱脂。在许多地方，这些有毒化学物质已被引入浅含水层，公共饮用水供应受到不利影响。与暴露于氯化碳氢化合物有关的健康影响包括对肝脏的损害，神经系统以及癌症风险增加。传统的前坐姿补救技术很昂贵，并具有工人接触和环境释放的潜力。在地下来源处理污染物是一种更有效的补救方案。有希望的原位补救方法使用常见金属与地下水污染物反应并破坏地下水。亚微米金属粉末，有很大一部分的反应性表面积和良好的地下迁移率，非常适合该应用。一些亚微米铁的来源已经出现了，但对于大多数应用来说，成本昂贵。为了满足市场需求，货运动物已经开发了一种程序，以制造为补救市场设计的低成本亚微米铁粉末。第一阶段研究将通过合成和评估新粉末成分的性能来进一步的产品功能。将测试高度反应性的下一代材料的能力，包括包括氯化二苯基在内的正常稳定的地下水污染物。该研究还将评估新粉末将包括四氯化碳在内的常见地下水污染物转化为非氯化化合物的能力，而无需产生毒性的氯化中间体。第一阶段的工作将通过在油乳液中制造含有零气体金属的水来结束，从而可以完成非水相污染物的原位修复。在I阶段工作中成功演示产品性能将与环境顾问和承包商结合进行II期现场研究。第三阶段将导致这种启示性最先进技术的私人商业化。