Impact of social media on risk communication before, during, and after the La Palma eruption (Canary Islands)

社交媒体对拉帕尔马火山爆发之前、期间和之后风险沟通的影响（加那利群岛）

• 批准号: 2887456
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2887456
• 关键词: Impact; social; media; risk; communication

There has been an unprecedented growth in the use of personal communication technologies in the last decade, including the use of social media platforms (Cheng et al., 2022). Leading to increased public interest in natural hazards generally, but with specific interests in rare and impactful volcanic eruptions, in particular on social media and media sharing platforms. Unlike traditional media, social media is a bi-directional communication tool that enables critical information to be rapidly transferred and disseminated (Graham, 2024), enabling multi-source geospatial near real-time discussions, but also for materials to be shared and collected direct from unofficial sources (e.g. general public and media sources). Use of internet- enabled mobile appliances has empowered the general public to broadcast images and/or videos of eruptions and associated volcanic impacts, enabling people to express attitudes and knowledge (including incorrect information) and experiences of eruptions through their own personal stories and commentaries. The growth of organisations such as Twitter, has facilitated a multigenerational network of independent reporters, who can comment and record their thoughts in near real-time, offering valuable insights into how understanding of hazard and risk can develop and evolve before, during and after an eruption/event. There has to date, been limited analysis (e.g. Sennert et al., 2017) of how such near real-time information can shape and be incorporated into risk management and planning, how it can be most effectively used by different organisations during events, and the potential threats/challenges from misinformation . La Palma, is situated to the northwest of the Canary Islands, being the most active island among the archipelago, having experienced eight historical eruptions. The recent 2021 eruption on La Palma (Gonzalez, 2022), the largest eruptive event in recorded history on the island, highlighted the opportunities offered by media sharing platforms based on the wealth of information disseminated by individuals and organisations (Wadsworth et al, 2022). The eruption also permits a pertinent reflection on how disaster risk communication and management was handled during the event, following a ~50-year period of quiescence in volcanic activity, which resulted in a reduction in public awareness, poor public perception and self-resilience to volcanic hazards. It is clear that social media can bring a range of opportunities for successful risk communication, but it also presents challenges; communication on social media is driven by a fast and continuous flow of fragmented and unconnected news reports by both official and unofficial sources leading to higher threats from misinformation and disinformation; however, effective communication before, during, and after an eruption can reduce the potential impacts. The inherent infrequent nature of volcanic eruptions offers a rare opportunity to reflect and improve our approaches to risk communication and reduction by incorporating new and emerging technologies and platforms. This project is a perfect combination of qualitative and quantitative research and opens up communication about hazard risk perception at different scales.ReferencesCheng, Y., Wang, Y. and Kong, Y. 2022. The state of social-mediated crisis communication research through the lens of global scholars:anupdatedassessment.PublicRelationsReview,48,102172, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2022.102172; González P.J. (2022) Volcano-tectonic control of Cumbre Vieja, Science, 375, 348-1349, https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn5148; Graham O. Thomas T., Hicks A., Edwards S., Juman A., Ramroop A., Robertson R. (2024) Facts, faith and Facebook: science communication during the 2020 -21 La Soufrière, St Vincent volcanic eruption, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, Vol 539, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP539-2022-289; Sennert, S.S.K., Klemetti, E.W., Bird, D

在过去的十年中，使用个人通信技术的使用，包括使用社交媒体平台（Cheng等，2022）。通常，通常会增加对自然危害的公众利益，但在罕见和有影响力的火山喷发中具有特定的利益，尤其是在社交媒体和媒体共享平台上。与传统媒体不同，社交媒体是一种双向交流工具，可以迅速传输和传播关键信息（Graham，2024），可以实现多源地理空间近实时讨论，也可以从非官方来源共享并直接收集材料（例如，普通公众和媒体）。使用支持互联网的移动设备的使用使公众能够广播爆发和相关火山影响的图像和/或视频，使人们能够通过自己的个人故事和评论来表达与会者和知识（包括不正确的信息）以及爆发的经历。 Twitter等组织的增长已经准备了一个由独立记者的多代网络，他们可以在近乎实时评论和记录他们的思想，从而为对危害和风险的理解如何在喷发/事件发生之前和之后提供对危害和风险的理解如何发展和发展。迄今为止，已经有限分析（例如Sennert等，2017），即如何将如此近的实时信息塑造并纳入风险管理和计划中，如何在事件期间最有效地使用它最有效地使用它，以及误会带来的潜在威胁/挑战。拉帕尔玛（La Palma）位于加那利群岛（Canary Islands）的西北，是群岛中最活跃的岛屿，经历了八次历史爆发。最近在岛上记录了历史上最大的爆发事件的拉帕尔玛（La Palma）最近发生的2021年爆发，强调了基于个人和组织传播的大量信息（Wadsworth等，2022年）提供的媒体共享平台提供的机会。在活动期间，火山活动的静止期约50年，这导致公众意识，公众意识降低，公众看法和对火山危害的自我弥漫性的降低，对灾害风险的沟通和管理如何处理，对灾害风险的交流和管理如何处理，对灾害风险的沟通和管理如何处理。很明显，社交媒体可以为成功的风险交流带来一系列机会，但也带来了挑战。社交媒体上的沟通是由官方和非官方来源的零散和未连接的新闻报道的快速而连续的驱动的，导致误解和虚假信息的威胁更高。但是，喷发前，期间和之后的有效沟通可以减少潜在的影响。火山喷发的固有性质固有的性质提供了难得的机会，可以通过合并新的和新兴的技术和平台来反映和改善我们的风险交流和减少方法。该项目是定性研究和定量研究的完美结合，并在不同尺度上开放了有关危害风险感知的沟通。 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2022.102172;冈萨雷斯P. Graham O. Thomas T.，Hicks A.，Edwards S.，Juman A.，Ramroop A.，Robertson R.（2024）。事实，信仰和Facebook：2020 -21 LaSoufrière期间的科学传播，圣文森特火山喷发，地质学会，伦敦，特别出版物，第539卷，https：//doi.org/10.1144/1144/sp539-2022-289; Sennert，S.S.K.，Klemetti，E.W.，Bird，D。