Infrastructuring identity, securing citizenship: open-source platforms and the global governance of digital identity

身份基础设施，保障公民身份：开源平台和数字身份的全球治理

• 批准号: 2886896
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2886896
• 关键词: Infrastructuring; identity; securing; citizenship; open

My proposed DPhil project examines how ideas of citizenship and governance are embedded in digital identification platforms, and how these enable or constrain access to political participation. Following the publication of the UN's 17 Sustainable Development Goals - which include the imperative to provide a "legal identity for all" (Goal 16.9) - a range of powerful global policy actors have begun investing in and promoting foundational digital identification technologies (World Bank 2016; UNDP 2022). These are digital platforms which provide legal proof that somebody is who they say they are, typically with respect to a state-managed administrative system (Whitley, Gal and Kjaegaard, 2014; World Bank, 2019). One prominent solution proposed as a means of addressing Goal 16.9 is the Modular Open Source Identity Platform (MOSIP): a purportedly context-free, scalable digital identification system that can be adopted by any state government. MOSIP's compelling vision, alongside its institutional backing by influential actors including the World Bank, Gates Foundation, and Omidyar Network, has seen the platform's uptake in the Philippines, Morocco, Sri Lanka, Togo, Guinea, Ethiopia and Sierra Leone (Burt 2022). MOSIP's growing adoption indicates its vast potential for reshaping how governments operate at a global scale. In response, this project proposes a timely and critical investigation into the understandings of citizenship embedded in the platform, who these include and exclude, and how they affect access to political decision-making and government resources. As the first indepth study of MOSIP, this research offers significant conceptual impact, elucidating how open source digital identification platforms shape political participation. This not only has implications for MOSIP and its seven countries of implementation, but also for similar initiatives such the Digital Impact Alliance's 'GovStack'. Through a mixed-methods study combining policy analysis, technical document analysis, participant observation, and interviews, I will explore the values and practices of the policy and technical actors involved in MOSIP, and how these shape the platform's design. In doing so, I will examine what open source digital identification technology means for the role of digital platforms in scaling new forms of governance. Thus, my project will respond to the following research questions: RQ1: What notions of citizenship does MOSIP embed and enact (and what criteria is used)? RQ2: How might this shape political participation? RQ3: What norms of governance does the platform reflect (and how are these scaled across national boundaries)?

我提出的哲学博士项目研究了公民身份和治理的理念如何嵌入数字识别平台，以及它们如何促进或限制政治参与。继联合国发布 17 项可持续发展目标（其中包括必须为所有人提供“合法身份”（目标 16.9））之后，一系列强大的全球政策参与者已开始投资和推广基础数字身份技术（世界银行，2016 年）开发计划署 2022）。这些数字平台提供法律证明，证明某人的身份是他们所说的人，通常是在国家管理的行政系统方面（Whitley、Gal 和 Kjaegaard，2014 年；世界银行，2019 年）。作为实现目标 16.9 的一种重要解决方案，模块化开源身份平台 (MOSIP) 是一种据称与上下文无关、可扩展的数字识别系统，任何州政府都可以采用。 MOSIP 令人信服的愿景，加上世界银行、盖茨基金会和奥米迪亚网络等有影响力的参与者的机构支持，该平台已在菲律宾、摩洛哥、斯里兰卡、多哥、几内亚、埃塞俄比亚和塞拉利昂得到采用（Burt 2022）。 MOSIP 的日益普及表明其在重塑政府在全球范围内运作方式方面具有巨大潜力。作为回应，该项目建议对平台中嵌入的公民身份的理解进行及时和批判性的调查，其中包括和排除哪些人，以及它们如何影响获得政治决策和政府资源的机会。作为对 MOSIP 的首次深入研究，这项研究提供了重大的概念影响，阐明了开源数字识别平台如何塑造政治参与。这不仅对 MOSIP 及其七个实施国家有影响，而且对数字影响联盟的“GovStack”等类似举措也有影响。通过结合政策分析、技术文件分析、参与者观察和访谈的混合方法研究，我将探讨 MOSIP 所涉及的政策和技术参与者的价值观和实践，以及它们如何塑造平台的设计。在此过程中，我将研究开源数字识别技术对于数字平台在扩展新治理形式方面的作用意味着什么。因此，我的项目将回答以下研究问题： RQ1：MOSIP 嵌入和制定了哪些公民概念（以及使用什么标准）？ RQ2：这会如何影响政治参与？ RQ3：该平台反映了哪些治理规范（以及这些规范如何跨越国界）？