Gender Violence and HIV Risk Reduction in South Africa

南非的性别暴力和艾滋病毒风险降低

• 批准号: 7261955
• 负责人: Leickness Chisamu Simbayi
• 金额: $ 46.58万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7261955
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Acquaintances; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Advocate; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Area; Attention; Attitude; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Belief; Cessation of life; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Communities; Computer Assisted; Condition; Consultations; Contracts; Data Collection; Development; Domestic Violence; Educational process of instructing; Effectiveness of Interventions; Epidemic; Exercise; Face; Feedback; Focus Groups; Forcible intercourse; Foundations; Funding; Gender; Gender Issues; Gender Relations; Gender Role; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV Seropositivity; Health; Health Services; Health behavior; Health education; Home environment; Image; Incentives; Incidence; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Life; Link; Male Condoms; Marketing; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Modeling; Motivation; Outcome; Outcome Assessment; Participant; Pattern; Phase; Police; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention intervention; Procedures; Property; Provider; Psychometrics; Randomized; Rate; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Request for Applications; Request for Proposals; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Rights; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Risk Reduction Behavior; Role; Running; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Services; Sex Behavior; Sexual Transmission; Sexuality; Site; Social Work; Source; South Africa; Southern Africa; Staging; Stigmata; Surveys; Survivors; System; Testing; Time; Treatment Efficacy; United Nations; Unsafe Sex; Violence; Woman; Women AIDS; Women' s Health Services; Work; World Health Organization; base; behavior change; condoms; day; design; efficacy trial; experience; follow-up; improved; instrument; male; man; men; metropolitan; outreach; prevent; programs; response; safer sex; sex; sexual assault; sexual coercion; skills; social; social stigma; success; theories; therapy development; transmission process; violence against women

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This revised proposal requests 4 years of support to conduct developmental research to design and field-test a gender and theory-based behavioral risk reduction intervention for men who are at risk for perpetrating violence against women and at risk for contracting and transmitting HIV in Cape Town, South Africa. As many as one in five South Africans is HIV positive and there are an estimated 1,600 new HIV infections in South Africa each day. South Africa also has the world's highest rates of violence against women and sexual coercion is associated with women's increased risks for HIV infection. Guided by the social constructionist theory of gender and the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model of health promoting behaviors we will conduct 3 stages of intervention development research: (Stage 1) initial interviews, focus groups, and quantitative surveys with men and women in a community center in a Cape Town township. Based on information gained from rapid formative studies, this first phase of research will develop a theory-based gender-based violence and HIV-related risk reduction intervention; (Stage 2) Test the feasibility of the newly developed intervention with a small sample of men and receive feedback on the intervention content from women in the community. Stage 2 will also test the feasibility of an audio-computer assisted interview for data collection in the community center; and (Stage 3) Conduct a randomized field test to determine the potential efficacy of the risk reduction intervention for South African men at risk for gender-based violence and HIV. Participants in the field test will be randomly assigned to either receive the newly developed intervention or a time matched attention comparison condition. Following a 6-month follow-up period, we will assess differences between groups on behavioral outcomes. We will also test the moderating effects of gender-based attitudes and beliefs on HIV risk reduction constructs and intervention outcomes. Results of the proposed research will also provide critical information about the role of gender power differentials, attitudes toward women, and AIDS stigmas in HIV transmission risks in South Africa and will offer urgently needed strategies for improving HIV prevention interventions in South Africa.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项修订后的提案要求进行4年的支持，以进行发展研究，以设计和现场测试基于性别和基于理论的行为风险降低干预干预措施，该干预措施有犯有针对妇女的暴力行为以及有危害妇女的风险，并有危害妇女的风险和在南非开普敦的艾滋病毒。多达五分之一的南非人是艾滋病毒阳性，估计每天有1,600种新的艾滋病毒感染。南非也对妇女的暴力率最高，性胁迫与妇女艾滋病毒感染的风险增加有关。在社会建构主义性别理论以及健康促进行为的信息 - 动机 - 行为技能模型的指导下，我们将进行三个阶段的干预发展研究阶段：（第1阶段）初步访谈，焦点小组以及与开普敦城镇中社区中心的男人和女性的初步访谈，焦点小组和定量调查。基于从快速形成性研究中获得的信息，第一阶段的研究将开发基于理论的暴力和与HIV相关的降低风险降低干预措施； （第2阶段）测试新开发的干预措施的可行性，并以一小部分男性样本收到有关社区女性干预内容的反馈。第2阶段还将测试在社区中心收集数据收集的音频计算机辅助访谈的可行性； （第3阶段）进行随机野外测试，以确定降低风险干预措施的潜在疗效，以造成基于性别的暴力和艾滋病毒的风险。现场测试的参与者将随机分配给新开发的干预措施或匹配的注意力比较条件。在经过6个月的随访期之后，我们将评估组对行为结果的差异。我们还将测试基于性别的态度和信念对艾滋病毒风险降低结构和干预结果的调节作用。拟议研究的结果还将提供有关性别权力差异，对妇女态度以及南非艾滋病毒传播风险中的污名的重要信息，并将提供急需改善南非艾滋病毒预防干预措施的策略。

项目成果

Development of an HIV risk reduction counselling intervention for use in South African sexually transmitted infection clinics.

制定艾滋病毒风险降低咨询干预措施，供南非性传播感染诊所使用。

• DOI: 10.1080/17290376.2005.9724850
• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: SAHARA J : journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance
• 作者: Mathiti,V;Simbayi,LC;Jooste,S;Kekana,Q;Nibe,XP;Shasha,L;Bidla,P;Magubane,P;Cain,D;Cherry,C;Kalichman,SC
• 通讯作者: Kalichman,SC

HIV/AIDS risks among South African men who report sexually assaulting women.

报告性侵犯妇女的南非男性面临艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险。

• DOI: 10.5555/ajhb.2006.30.2.158
• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: American journal of health behavior.
• 作者: Simbayi,LeicknessC;Kalichman,SethC;Jooste,Sean;Mathiti,Vuyisile;Cain,Demetria;Cherry,Charsey
• 通讯作者: Cherry,Charsey

Social constructions of gender roles, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS in two communities of the Western Cape, South Africa.

南非西开普省两个社区的性别角色、性别暴力和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的社会建构。

• DOI: 10.1080/17290376.2006.9724879
• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: SAHARA J : journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance
• 作者: Strebel,A;Crawford,M;Shefer,T;Cloete,A;Henda,N;Kaufman,M;Simbayi,L;Magome,K;Kalichman,S
• 通讯作者: Kalichman,S

Behavioral aspects of male circumcision for the prevention of HIV infection.

• DOI: 10.1007/s11904-009-0025-9
• 发表时间: 2009-11
• 期刊: CURRENT HIV/AIDS REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Eaton, Lisa;Kalichman, Seth C
• 通讯作者: Kalichman, Seth C

Integrated gender-based violence and HIV Risk reduction intervention for South African men: results of a quasi-experimental field trial.

• DOI: 10.1007/s11121-009-0129-x
• 发表时间: 2009-09
• 期刊: PREVENTION SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Kalichman, Seth C.;Simbayi, Leickness C.;Cloete, Allanise;Clayford, Mario;Arnolds, Warda;Mxoli, Mpumi;Smith, Gino;Cherry, Chauncey;Shefer, Tammy;Crawford, Mary;Kalichman, Moira O.
• 通讯作者: Kalichman, Moira O.