Race, Stressors, and Alcohol-related Health Disparities

种族、压力源和酒精相关的健康差异

• 批准号: 7140547
• 负责人: NINA MULIA
• 金额: $ 21.59万
• 依托单位: PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7140547
• 关键词: African American; Hispanic Americans; Mexican Americans; United States; alcoholic beverages; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; caucasian American; clinical research; culture; health disparity; human data; immigrant; low socioeconomic status; prejudice; psychological stressor; psychosocial separation; racial /ethnic difference; social perception; social problems; social psychology; socioeconomics; substance abuse epidemiology; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While prior epidemiological research has revealed important racial/ethnic patterns in drinking and alcohol problems, there is limited understanding of why alcohol-related health disparities exist. At present, alcohol studies that illuminate causal factors are needed to help inform and target public health prevention, treatment, and community interventions. We propose to analyze existing, nationally representative, cross-sectional data from the 2005 National Alcohol Survey to examine associations between minority status, social stressors such as poverty, racial stigma, and perceived discrimination, heavy drinking, and alcohol-related health and social problems. In so doing, we will capitalize on the existence of a national data set that includes large oversamples of black and Hispanic Americans, that provides fine-grained measures of alcohol consumption and problems, and that allows us to explore the interplay of social, economic, psychological, and cultural factors with heavy drinking and alcohol problems in separate subgroups of blacks, Hispanics, and whites. Our conceptual approach is informed by a growing body of work on the health impacts of racial bias and economic disadvantage, and recognizes the importance of both social structural and cultural aspects of race/ethnicity. Our specific aims are: (1) to examine associations between minority status, exposure to social stressors, and psychological distress; (2) to explore relationships between social stressors and heavy drinking, and consider the intervening roles of psychological distress and situational drinking norms and attitudes; and (3) to explore associations between minority status, social stressors, and alcohol-related problems; racial/ethnic differences in pathways leading to heavy drinking and alcohol problems; and the role of malt liquor. This re-analysis will inform the development of a future multi-method study of alcohol-related disparities to more closely examine the relationships that emerge here, with the use of more comprehensive and multi-level measures.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然先前的流行病学研究揭示了饮酒和酒精问题中重要的种族/种族模式，但人们对与酒精相关的健康差异存在的理解有限。目前，需要阐明因果因素的酒精研究来帮助和针对预防公共卫生，治疗和社区干预措施。我们建议分析2005年全国性酒精调查的现有代表性的横断面数据，以研究少数群体地位，社会压力源，例如贫困，种族污名和感知的歧视，大量饮酒以及与酒精相关的健康和社会问题之间的关联。这样一来，我们将利用包括黑人和西班牙裔美国人的大量示例的国家数据集的存在，提供了饮酒和问题的精细度量，这使我们能够探索社会，经济，心理，心理和文化因素与黑人，Hisspanics and Hispanics和White的繁重饮酒和酒精问题的相互作用。我们的概念方法是通过对种族偏见和经济劣势的健康影响的越来越多的工作来告知的，并认识到种族/种族的社会结构和文化方面的重要性。我们的具体目的是：（1）研究少数群体地位，暴露于社会压力源和心理困扰之间的关联； （2）探索社会压力源与大量饮酒之间的关系，并考虑心理困扰以及情境饮酒规范和态度的中间作用； （3）探讨少数群体地位，社会压力源和与酒精有关的问题之间的关联；导致大量饮酒和酒精问题的途径的种族/种族差异；以及麦芽酒的作用。这项重新分析将为与酒精相关差异的未来多方法研究的发展提供信息，以更仔细地研究此处出现的关系，并使用更全面和多层次的措施。