Nordic Welfare Chauvinism: A Crisis of Social Democracy?

北欧福利沙文主义：社会民主主义的危机？

• 批准号: 2881440
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2881440
• 关键词: Nordic; Welfare; Chauvinism; Crisis; Social

Social democracy is known for its 'decommodifying' welfare policy which endows citizens with social rights through immunisation from market dependency. This, however, is financed by progressive taxation, and thus high employment levels. As therefore a historical relation between labour and capital, this thesis seeks to explore the idea that welfare chauvinism is an institutional response to changing balances of power onset by contemporary economic stagnation, trade-union decline and neoliberal precarity.Conceptually, this research will operationalise a Critical Political Economy (CPE) framework. The dominant Power-Resource approaches to welfare state study focus on the strength of labour-mobilisation to account for the variability of welfare state design. This approach is obsolete where trade union decline across the region is widespread; welfare states are evidently embedded within the broader social, political and economic relations of contemporary society. The CPE framework, premised on social constitution, takes a holistic approach to the complexities of capitalism, where 'the economic cannot be understood without the social, the social cannot be understood without the political,and so on'. CPE thus provides a historically-contingent framework that understands how 'markets both depend entirely upon states and yet simultaneously constitutes an automatic social logic that imposes itself back upon states'. My project therefore looks at the state and market not as continually separated and re-introduced to one another through regulation, but as settling into new interactions as one is reciprocally constructed by changes in the other.Firstly, I will construct a genealogy of welfare chauvinism in Denmark, Sweden and Norway from 1990 until today. I will interrogate the theoretical and public discourses on welfare chauvinism, outlining major turning points for social democratic policy in terms of universality, starting with the 2002 reforms in Denmark, which significantly lowered benefits for immigrants and refugees, aiming to build a comprehensive overview of its lineage in policy-terms. This initial research acts as a necessary precursor to the second objective, where I will use process tracing to critically assess the interaction between state, market and society in the logic of policy construction.I will conduct interviews of contemporary political party members and policymakers who advocate welfare chauvinism, including members of the Norwegian Progress Party, Danish People's Party and Sweden Democrats, in order to fully understand the historical, institutional and societal constraints faced by today's social democracies. Through the CPE capacity to 'pose totalising questions unasked elsewhere' that 'transcends interdisciplinarity', my research offers novelty in two senses. Firstly, by interrogating the socially-constituted nature of welfare chauvinism, it offers fresh, historically-grounded insights to the largely quantitative scholarship. Secondly, by paying attention to the often-neglected social relations of contemporary capitalism, it seeks to reinvigorate the debate on welfare state development by asserting a holistic approach to the complexities of reform.Furthermore, this thesis will offer impact to the global political economy in its contribution to the goals of the ESRC 2022 strategic delivery plan. Particularly in relation to priority area of research 3 'health and social care', this research will point to the societally-embedded causes of welfare state exclusivity as 'inequalities of health and wellbeing'. Developing our understanding of how 'society and economy are changing' under exogenous pressure, it will inform preventative measures that social democracies can impose to 'maximise the support that people from all backgrounds receive, wherever they live'.

社会民主以其“毁灭”福利政策而闻名，该政策通过免疫市场依赖赋予公民享有社会权利。但是，这是由累进税收和较高的就业水平资助的。因此，作为劳动与资本之间的历史关系，本论文试图探讨福利沙文主义是对通过当代经济停滞，贸易联合国的下降和新自由主义的不断变化的制度反应。从概念上讲，这项研究将运作一个重要的政治经济（CPE）框架。福利国家研究的主要权力资源方法集中于劳动 - 润滑的力量，以说明福利国家设计的可变性。这种方法已经过时了，在整个地区的工会下降广泛存在；福利国家显然嵌入了当代社会的更广泛的社会，政治和经济关系中。 CPE框架以社会宪法为前提，对资本主义的复杂性采取了整体方法，在那里，“没有社会就无法理解经济，没有政治就无法理解社会，等等。因此，CPE提供了一个历史悠久的框架，该框架了解“市场如何完全取决于国家，同时构成一种自动社会逻辑，将自己强加于国家。因此，我的项目着眼于国家和市场并不像通过调节那样不断地分离和重新引入彼此，而是在一个新的互动中彼此重新引入，因为一个人是由另一个变化而互惠构建的。首先，我将在1990年至今丹麦，瑞典和挪威建立福利chauvinism的家谱。我将审问理论和公众关于福利沙文主义的论述，从2002年在丹麦的改革开始，概述了社会民主政策的重大转折点，从2002年的改革开始，该改革显着降低了对移民和难民的利益，旨在建立对政策领域的全面概述。这项最初的研究是第二个目标的必要先驱，在政策构建逻辑上，我将使用过程追踪来评估国家，市场和社会之间的互动。我将对当代政党成员和政策制定者进行访谈，他们主张福利福利chauvinism，包括挪威进步党的成员，以及挪威人民党的制度，以便完全理解诺尔维亚人的派对，以便完全理解了danish parties，以便完全理解了既有统一的民主党民主，又是善于理解的，以供诺尔维加利主义。面对当今社会民主国家。通过CPE的能力，可以“提出超越跨学科性”的“在其他地方未解决的全部问题”，我的研究在两种感觉上都提供了新颖性。首先，通过审问福利沙文主义的社会构成性质，它为大量定量的学术提供了新的，历史上的见解。其次，通过关注当代资本主义的经常被综合的社会关系，它试图通过对改革的复杂性进行整体方法来振兴有关福利国家发展的辩论。Furthermore。该论文将对全球政治经济产生影响，从而对ESRC 2022战略交付计划的目标产生影响。特别是在研究的优先领域3“健康和社会护理”中，这项研究将指出社会上造成的福利国家排他性的原因是“健康和福祉的不平等”。在外源压力下，我们对“社会和经济如何变化”的理解发展，它将为预防措施提供信息，即社会民主国家可以强加于“最大程度地利用来自各个背景的人，无论他们身在何处，他们都能获得支持。