Being forever stuck in the asylum queue or progressing with temporary protection: is South America approaching the end of asylum?

永远被困在庇护队列中还是在临时保护下取得进展：南美的庇护即将结束吗？

• 批准号: 2879586
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2879586
• 关键词: Being; forever; stuck; asylum; queue

The cross-border movement of over 5 million Venezuelans (R4V, 2022) only in the South American continent has surfaced significant legal, political, and social challenges to extant paths for protection. The emergence of new temporary mechanisms to address Venezuelan mobility has reconducted their claims from asylum to other temporary migratory measures (R4V, 2022) even when some of them may have international protection needs. While such shifts may appear familiar to policymakers and scholars in Europe, in South America, temporary mechanisms to address mixed movements are recent and are producing unique transformations that are both similar and different to what has been studied in the European context. The proposed topic is innovative since it analyses the progression from one system to another in South America integrating both the States and policy responses and the individual contestation. Recent scholar literary has not addressed yet the Venezuelan case study of mixed migration as a paradigm of this tension between the asylum and the migratory system and the subsequent shift from one to another. With this gap, this research proposal will formulate the following question: Does the contemporary legal and policy praxis in South America, resulting from Venezuelan cross-border mobility in the region, signal an end of asylum practice as the scholarly conception understands it? The implications of the transition from one system to another might be divided into two approaches. At the top-down level, it could be associated with the erosion of asylum as a legal institution created and enforced by States and its subsequent replacement with other domestic and temporary measures. It also demonstrates how the non-citizen is perceived as a "migrant" as the only category applicable to those who aspire to reside in a third country. On a bottom-up approach, the progression might indicate asylum is blurring as a legal protection form orientated to bring long-term residence schemes to individuals who experience persecution and other kinds of violence in their country of origin. Studying this new change of paradigm will contribute to two tiers. On the one hand, it enables understanding that other continents are replacing asylum policies towards pragmatic and temporary mechanisms, blurring asylum as a legal protection category. On the other hand, it will help to analyse the impact on the non-citizen, who find in the temporary mechanisms a small but significant space to resist the legal ambiguity and build a future with the migratory possibilities offered by States.

仅在南美大陆上，超过500万委内瑞拉人（R4V，2022年）的跨境运动才浮出水面，席卷了巨大的法律，政治和社会挑战，以实现保护途径。解决委内瑞拉流动性的新临时机制的出现已经将其主张从庇护到其他临时迁徙措施（R4V，2022）进行了重新审议，即使其中一些可能有国际保护需求。尽管在欧洲的政策制定者和学者中，在南美的政策制定者和学者似乎很熟悉，但解决混合运动的临时机制是最近的，并且正在产生与欧洲背景下研究的独特转型。拟议的主题具有创新性，因为它分析了南美从一个系统到另一种系统的发展，这些进步既整合了国家，政策的反应和个人竞争。最近的学者文学尚未解决委内瑞拉的案例研究，将混合迁移作为庇护与迁徙系统之间这种张力的范式以及随后从一个转移到另一个之间的转变。有了这一差距，该研究建议将提出以下问题：南美的当代法律和政策实践是否是由该地区委内瑞拉跨境流动性产生的，这表明学者概念所理解的庇护实践结束了吗？从一个系统到另一个系统的过渡的含义可能分为两种方法。在自上而下的层面上，它可能与庇护的侵蚀是由各州创建和执行的法律机构及其随后用其他国内和临时措施替代的法律机构。它还表明了非公民如何被视为“移民”是唯一适用于渴望居住在第三国的人。在自下而上的方法中，进步可能表明庇护作为一种法律保护形式，以将长期居住计划带给遭受迫害和其他种类的原籍国的个人。研究这种新的范式变化将有助于两层。一方面，它使人们能够理解其他大陆正在取代庇护政策，以实用务实和临时机制，将庇护视为法律保护类别。另一方面，它将有助于分析对非公民的影响，非公民在临时机制中发现了一个很小但重要的空间，以抵制法律歧义并建立未来的未来，并以各州提供的迁徙可能性。