Narratives of hope: small stories of desistance; building social capital amid on-going Covid 19 restrictions at HMP/YOI Winchester

希望的叙述：停止的小故事；

• 批准号: 2875591
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Sussex
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2875591
• 关键词: Narratives; hope; small; stories; desistance

Penal reform is necessary, urgent, and indicative of our moral and ethical compass. The UK's prison system has, 'the highest imprisonment rates in western Europe, with more than 44% reconvicted of another offence within one year of release. For those who have served more than 10 previous custodial sentences the rate of reoffending rises to 77%.' (PRT, 2022, p. 2). Prisons are inherently oppressive environments, and can be, 'brutalising with many inmates trapped in squalid, dirty and disgraceful cells' (Clarke, 2017). This context has been intensified following nearly two years of severe restrictions brought about by the Covid 19 pandemic, and a 'decade of declining standards in prisons in England and Wales' (PRT, 2021).The 2016 Coates review highlights the potential of rehabilitation to, 'transform individuals' lives and contribute to building safer communities and reducing the significant financial and social costs of reoffending (UK annual estimate £9.5-£13 billion)'. Rehabilitation is an inherently complex, problematic, and debated term. Martinson (1974) established the 'nothing works' doctrine, this was revised by McGuire (2004) with 'what works'. Maruna (2019) asserts that neither 'what works' or 'desistance' research is capable of producing a 'secret formula' to reduce crime, but we still need all possible social science evidence to make sense out of the 'complexity of crime'. Thisethnographic study address this by investigating the value of prison theatre education (theatre devised by prisoners) for framing rehabilitation as social capital and desistance as set against a prison context described as 'desperate' (Howard League for Prison Reform, 2022).The current government prioritises rehabilitative education as, 'the attainment of academic qualifications and practical skills, so prisoners are, equipped for work on release' (MoJ, 2021). However, this fails to address the complex hierarchy of social and emotional human needs of prisoners. The National Criminal Justice Arts Alliance (NCJAA) (2021) asserts that access to arts and creative activity is essential for more holistic prisoner health and wellbeing, and therefore these activities have a crucial role to play. However, prison-based arts practices often, 'rely too much on anecdotal evidence' (MoJ, 2019) to be able to demonstrate efficacy in relation to supporting theories of desistance.To address this gap, this ethnographic study seeks to understand and evidence the contribution of prison theatre within a rehabilitative context focused on desistance and the development of social capital. The study will consider how desistance theories (Cernkovich et al.,2002; Maruna et al., 2019) are evident in prisoner's accounts of their experiences. Todd-Kvam (2021) asserts that desistance develops at 'micro levels' and is supported by social networks and relationships. Desistance is typically understood to be 'more than just an absence of crime, it is the maintenance of crime-free behaviour and is an active process in itself. It is a journey that involves the pursuit of a positive life' (Maruna, 2007, p. 652).Social capital, 'has received little attention in the prison setting' (Butler et al. 2016, p. 1). Bourdieu (1986) states that social capital is built on the potential of individuals to secure benefits and invent solutions to problems through membership in social networks. The study will consider how desistance and social capital emerge in prisoners' new narratives in custody and post release, and how they might inform new modalities of rehabilitation that precede long-term life change.The research presents a rare opportunity to access HMP/YOI Winchester; described by HM Chief Inspector of prisons as 'one of the 'most troubled and violent prisons in the country' with 'prisoners not having enough to do' and feeling 'bored and frustrated by the lack of activity' (2022).

刑罚改革是必要的、紧迫的，也体现了我们的道德和伦理准则。英国的监狱系统“是西欧最高的监禁率，超过 44% 的人在释放后一年内再次被定罪”。服刑 10 次以上的人，再犯罪率上升至 77%。”（PRT，2022 年，第 2 页）。 ”是，“许多囚犯被困在肮脏、肮脏和可耻的牢房中，受到残酷对待”（克拉克，2017 年），在 Covid 19 大流行带来近两年的严格限制以及“十年来监狱标准下降”之后，这种情况变得更加严重。 “英格兰和威尔士的监狱”（PRT，2021 年）。2016 年 Coates 审查强调了改造的潜力，“改变个人的生活”，并有助于建设更安全的社区和减少重新犯罪的巨大经济和社会成本（英国每年估计为 9.5-130 亿英镑）” 康复本质上是一个复杂、有问题且有争议的术语，马丁森 (Martinson) (1974) 提出了“无济于事”原则，该原则由麦奎尔 (McGuire) 修订。 2004）与“什么有效”（Maruna，2019）断言，“什么有效”或“阻止”研究都无法产生减少犯罪的“秘密公式”，但我们仍然需要一切。可能的社会科学证据可以解释“犯罪的复杂性”，这项民族志研究通过调查监狱戏剧教育（由囚犯设计的戏剧）的价值来解决这个问题，将康复视为社会资本和针对监狱环境的抵制。 “绝望”（霍华德监狱改革联盟，2022）。现任政府优先考虑改造教育，因为“获得学历和实践技能，以便囚犯为释放后的工作做好准备” （MoJ，2021）然而，这未能解决囚犯复杂的社会和情感需求。国家刑事司法艺术联盟（NCJAA）（2021）声称，获得艺术和创造性活动对于更全面的囚犯至关重要。健康和福祉，因此这些活动可以发挥至关重要的作用，然而，监狱艺术实践往往“过于依赖轶事证据”（MoJ，2019），无法证明与支持相关的有效性。为了解决这一差距，这项人种学研究旨在理解和证明监狱剧院在康复背景下的贡献，重点是停止和社会资本的发展。该研究将考虑停止理论（Cernkovich et al.,2002）。 ; Maruna 等人，2019）在囚犯对他们的经历的描述中很明显，Todd-Kvam（2021）断言，抵抗是在“微观层面”发展的，并且得到了支持。戒烟通常被理解为“不仅仅是没有犯罪，它是维持无犯罪的行为，它本身就是一个积极的过程，涉及追求积极的生活”。 ”（Maruna，2007，第 652 页）。社会资本“在监狱环境中很少受到关注”（Butler 等人，2016 年，第 1 页）。布迪厄（Bourdieu，1986）指出，社会资本是建立起来的这项研究将探讨囚犯在拘留期间和释放后的新叙述中如何出现戒断和社会资本，以及它们如何为新的康复模式提供信息。该研究提供了访问 HMP/YOI 温彻斯特监狱的难得机会；英国监狱首席督察将其描述为“全国最麻烦、最暴力的监狱之一”，“囚犯们无事可做”。 '和感觉“由于缺乏活动而感到无聊和沮丧”（2022）。