The effect of the barley pathogen Ramularia collo-cygni on the quality of malt and the potential to control the disease through host resistance

大麦病原体 Ramularia collo-cygni 对麦芽品质的影响以及通过宿主抗性控制该疾病的潜力

• 批准号: 2875576
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Dundee
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2875576
• 关键词: effect; barley; pathogen; Ramularia; collo

Across the cereals sector, there is much interest in grain health and the presence of seed borne pathogens, especially in barley for malting. One of the major economic barley diseases in Scotland is Ramularia leaf spot (RLS), caused by the dothidiomycete fungus, Ramularia collo-cygni . This fungus has been shown to reduce grain yield and quality. It also has a seed borne stage in its life cycle. This BARIToNE PhD project builds on previous research by investigating (1) the effect of R. collo-cygni presence in harvested grain on malting and sprit (2) utilising previous genome wide analysis, which identified candidate gene regions associated with field resistance, we will genetically dissect this region using multi-parent populations developed from landraces and an elite cultivar (3) the potential for these crosses to display increased resistance to the pathogen will be validated in controlled condition and field experiments. The project relates strongly to the reduced input theme as RLS control relies on fungicide sprays just before head emergence. To address these three objectives, the project will combine biochemistry, genetics, genomics and field phenotyping in the following experimental approaches: Biochemical approaches. Micromalting of infected samples to determine malt quality (predicted spirit yield), diastatic power and wort viscosity in grain samples with varying levels of Rcc (including some lines with enhanced tolerance/resistance) . Then alcohol yield, congener profile and flavour profile of spirit produced from that malt. This will provide robust evidence on the impact of the fungus on product quality and also the impact of breeding for resistance on grain quality. Genetics and genomic approaches. A recent genome wide association analysis has highlighted candidate genes on the barley chromosomes which are associated with disease resistance in field experiments. An analysis will be conducted on a wider panel of genotypes including landrace accessions from a legacy collection, to identify genotypes which carry the candidate genes and develop novel germplasm for validation in controlled and field studies. Field disease phenotyping and validation approaches. i) Testing predicted resistance. The levels of resistance in the panel of genotypes analysed in part 2 will be tested in controlled conditions and field experiments to determine levels of resistance to symptom expression. ii) Resistant and susceptible lines will be tested for levels of apoplastic leakage and cuticle thickness to determine their potential influence on disease levels. Throughout the research programme, the student will have opportunity to engage with broader strategic research on crop health and improvement.

在整个谷物领域，人们对谷物健康和种子传播病原体的存在非常感兴趣，尤其是在大麦麦芽中。苏格兰的主要经济大麦疾病之一是由Dothidiomycete真菌Ramularia collo-Cygni引起的Ramularia Leaf Spot（RLS）。这种真菌已被证明可降低谷物产量和质量。它在生命周期中还具有种子阶段。这个男中音博士学位项目是在先前的研究基础上，研究（1）（1）采集谷物中存在的菌菌菌对麦芽和喷雾的影响（2）利用以前的基因组广泛的分析，该分析确定了与田间抗性相关的候选基因区域，我们将使用从陆地和精英品种开发的多父母种群在遗传上剖析该区域（3）这些杂交表现出对病原体的耐药性的潜力将在受控状况和现场实验中得到验证。该项目与减少的输入主题密切相关，因为RLS控制在头部出现之前依赖于杀菌剂喷雾剂。为了解决这三个目标，该项目将在以下实验方法中结合生物化学，遗传学，基因组学和现场表型：生化方法。在具有不同水平的RCC水平（包括具有增强的耐受性/耐药性的一些线）中，对受感染样品的微粒以确定麦芽质量（预测的精神产量），舒张能力和麦芽粘度。然后，酒精产量，同类物的特征和麦芽产生的精神风味。这将为真菌对产品质量的影响以及育种对抗谷物质量的影响提供有力的证据。 遗传学和基因组方法。最近的一项基因组范围的分析强调了大麦染色体上的候选基因，这些基因与野外实验中的抗病性相关。将对包括传统收藏品的Landrace加入在内的更广泛的基因型面板进行分析，以识别携带候选基因的基因型，并开发新的种质用于在受控和现场研究中验证。 现场疾病表型和验证方法。 i）测试预测的抗性。在第2部分中分析的基因型小组中的抗性水平将在受控条件和现场实验中进行测试，以确定对症状表达的抗性水平。 ii）将测试抗性和易感线的渗透渗漏和表皮厚度，以确定其对疾病水平的潜在影响。 在整个研究计划中，学生将有机会参与有关农作物健康和改善的更广泛的战略研究。