The Role of Separase During Cytokinesis in C elegans

分离酶在秀丽隐杆线虫细胞分裂过程中的作用

• 批准号: 7228221
• 负责人: Joshua Nathaniel Bembenek
• 金额: $ 4.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7228221
• 关键词: Affect; Alleles; Anaphase; Animals; Behavior; Biological; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cell Division Process; Cell physiology; Cells; Chromosome Segregation; Chromosomes; Condition; Cytokinesis; Cytoplasmic Structures; Defect; Embryo; Endopeptidases; Ensure; Failure; Fright; Genetic; Genetic Materials; Genetic Nondisjunction; Homologous Gene; Laboratories; Learning; Localized; Mechanics; Meiosis; Mitotic; Molecular; Osmotic Pressure; Pathway interactions; Peptide Hydrolases; Range; Role; Saccharomycetales; Signal Pathway; Sister Chromatid; Structure; Techniques; Temperature; Time; cohesion; mutant; separase; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The process of cell division requires the correct sequence and timing of various cellular processes to ensure faithful transmission of the genetic material and cellular contents. The entry to anaphase occurs upon the cleavage of sister-chromatid cohesion by a protease known as separase. Separase has recently been shown to promote anaphase spindle dynamics and cytokinesis concomitantly with chromosome segregation in budding yeast. Previous studies from our laboratory identified a temperature-sensitive allele of the separase homologue in C. elegans. Embryos from these separase-mutant worms shifted to the restrictive temperature display several meiotic and mitotic defects such as chromosome nondisjunction, osmotic and mechanical sensitivity, and cytokinesis failure. Using various genetic and cell biological techniques, I propose to uncover the mechanisms by which separase contributes to the completion of cytokinesis in the early embryo of C. elegans. Through this analysis, I hope to extend the understanding of the molecular mechanisms utilized for the temporal coordination of chromosome segregation with the onset of anaphase and cytokinesis.

描述（由申请人提供）：细胞分裂过程需要各种细胞过程的正确顺序和计时，以确保遗传物质和细胞内容物的忠实传递。进入后期发生在称为分离酶的蛋白酶裂解姐妹染色单体内聚力时。最近，分离酶已被证明可以促进后期纺锤体动力学和胞质分裂，同时促进芽殖酵母中的染色体分离。我们实验室之前的研究发现了秀丽隐杆线虫中分离酶同源物的温度敏感等位基因。这些分离酶突变体蠕虫的胚胎转移到限制性温度，表现出多种减数分裂和有丝分裂缺陷，例如染色体不分离、渗透和机械敏感性以及胞质分裂失败。我建议利用各种遗传和细胞生物学技术来揭示分离酶促进秀丽隐杆线虫早期胚胎胞质分裂完成的机制。通过这一分析，我希望加深对染色体分离与后期和胞质分裂的时间协调的分子机制的理解。