The evolution of social and sexual behaviour: conflict and cooperation

社会和性行为的演变：冲突与合作

• 批准号: 2758996
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2758996
• 关键词: evolution; social; sexual; behaviour; conflict

There is often intense competition amongst members of the same sex for access to mates and other reproductive resources. Such interactions lead to the evolution of diverse and extravagant traits and adaptations, such as weaponry and vibrant ornamentation. Typically, males are considered to be the sex that competes whereas females are passive or choosy. However, female competition, and even aggression, is widespread throughout the animal kingdom, and has direct influences on the fitness and reproductive success of the female. Intense male-male competition for mates can also lead to mate harm which results in sexual conflict. Previous attempts to explain the evolution of sexual interactions have typically only been considered from the individual's perspective - by assessing the direct costs and benefits to the reproductive success of the mating pair. However, individuals are expected to maximise their inclusive fitness - incorporating the fact that individuals can pass shared genes onto the next generation by aiding the reproductive success of their relatives. We will attempt to understand how interactions between relatives can influence sexual conflict and intra-sexual competition. Female-female competition has historically been overlooked and we will attempt to study its evolution by applying an inclusive fitness approach. We will also attempt to bridge a discord between theory and previous empirical research, by studying population viscosity as a driver of reduced sexual conflict. Finally, animals are constantly faced with varying social and ecological conditions and must repeatedly make optimal decisions based on the information available. Vibrational communication is extremely widespread - from elephants to nematode worms - and is believed to be the primary and ancestral form of communication in insects. Yet because it is not a prominent human sensory modality it has been largely overlooked by researchers. We hope to better understand the mechanisms driving sexual and social behaviours by considering the role of vibrations.Key BBSRC Priority Areas: Understanding the rules of life / Transformative technologies / Bioscience for sustainable agriculture and food

相同性别的成员之间通常会有激烈的竞争，以获取伴侣和其他生殖资源。这种相互作用导致了各种和奢侈的特征和改编的演变，例如武器和充满活力的装饰。通常，男性被认为是竞争的性别，而女性则是被动的或选择的。然而，女性竞争，甚至侵略性，在整个动物界都广泛存在，并直接影响了女性的适应性和生殖成功。激烈的男性竞争也可能导致伴侣伤害，从而导致性冲突。以前的尝试解释性互动演变的尝试通常仅从个人的角度考虑 - 通过评估交配对生殖成功的直接成本和收益。但是，人们期望个人最大程度地提高其包容性健康 - 将个人可以通过帮助其亲戚的生殖成功将共享基因传递给下一代。我们将尝试了解亲戚之间的互动如何影响性冲突和性内部竞争。从历史上看，女性女性竞争一直被忽视，我们将尝试通过采用包容性健身方法来研究其演变。我们还将尝试通过研究人口粘度作为减少性冲突的驱动力来弥合理论与以前的实证研究之间的不和谐。最后，动物不断面临不同的社会和生态条件，必须根据可用信息反复做出最佳决定。振动通信非常普遍 - 从大象到线虫蠕虫 - 被认为是昆虫中交流的主要和祖先形式。然而，由于它不是一种突出的人类感觉方式，因此研究人员在很大程度上忽略了它。我们希望通过考虑振动的作用来更好地理解推动性和社会行为的机制。KEYBBSRC优先领域：了解可持续农业和食品的生活 /变革性技术 /生物科学规则