Genetics of Vulnerability to Antisocial Behavior

反社会行为脆弱性的遗传学

• 批准号: 7168652
• 负责人: KRISTEN C. JACOBSON
• 金额: $ 11.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-15 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7168652
• 关键词: age difference; antisocial personality; arousal; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; family structure /dynamics; functional ability; gender difference; gene environment interaction; genetic susceptibility; human subject; impulsive behavior; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; personality; phenotype; socioenvironment; twin /multiplet

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The candidate is applying for a mentored scientist development (K01) award to gain training and experience in the measurement and analysis of neurophysiological and neuropsychological traits that may be related to vulnerability to antisocial behavior. Kenneth Kendler, M.D., at the multidisciplinary Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics at Virginia Commonwealth University, will be her primary mentor. Laura Baker, Ph.D., at the University of Southern California, is a co-sponsor of the proposal and will provide the majority of the off-site training in the collection of neurophysiological and neuropsychological measures. Research using twin and adoption studies has revealed the importance of both genetic and environmental factors in the development of antisocial behavior. To date, however, efforts to uncover the specific risk factors that are related to vulnerability to antisocial behavior using genetically informative data are rare. Using data from three extant twin studies, the candidate will explore the role of arousal, personality, executive functioning, and impulsivity in the development of antisocial behavior, paying particular attention to the impact of sex and age, the heterogeneity of antisocial behavior, and potential biological risk x environment interactions. She will also receive formal training in both theoretical and practical issues of using neurophysiological and neuropsychological traits as endophenotypes for antisocial behavior. The candidate will then apply this knowledge and experience to the pilot data collection of neurophysiological and neuropsychological traits and antisocial behavior from a sample of 25 adult, male-male sibling pairs, under the guidance of Scott Vrana, Ph.D., a co-sponsor of the application at Virginia Commonwealth University. Of particular interest is the feasibility of measuring neurophysiological and neuropsychological traits in non-laboratory settings. Ultimately, the candidate would like to apply the knowledge and experience gained from the mentored scientist award to a large-scale study of biological and environmental risk factors for the development of antisocial behavior among adult twin pairs.

描述（由申请人提供）：候选人正在申请指导科学家发展（K01）奖，以获得测量和分析可能与反社会行为脆弱性相关的神经生理学和神经心理学特征的培训和经验。弗吉尼亚联邦大学多学科弗吉尼亚精神病学和行为遗传学研究所的肯尼思·肯德勒医学博士将是她的主要导师。南加州大学的劳拉·贝克博士是该提案的共同发起人，并将提供收集神经生理学和神经心理学测量数据的大部分场外培训。 使用双胞胎和收养研究的研究揭示了遗传和环境因素在反社会行为发展中的重要性。然而，迄今为止，利用遗传信息数据来揭示与反社会行为脆弱性相关的特定风险因素的努力还很少。利用现有的三项双胞胎研究的数据，考生将探讨唤醒、个性、执行功能和冲动在反社会行为发展中的作用，特别关注性别和年龄的影响、反社会行为的异质性和潜在的反社会行为。生物风险 x 环境相互作用。她还将接受有关使用神经生理学和神经心理学特征作为反社会行为内表型的理论和实践问题的正式培训。然后，候选人将在斯科特·弗拉纳博士（Scott Vrana 博士）的指导下，将这些知识和经验应用于对 25 名成年男性兄弟姐妹样本中的神经生理学和神经心理学特征以及反社会行为的试点数据收集。弗吉尼亚联邦大学申请的赞助商。特别令人感兴趣的是在非实验室环境中测量神经生理学和神经心理学特征的可行性。最终，候选人希望将从指导科学家奖中获得的知识和经验应用于对成年双胞胎中反社会行为发展的生物和环境风险因素的大规模研究。