Imaging Studies of Normal and Impaired Lexical Retrieval

正常和受损词汇检索的影像研究

• 批准号: 7046831
• 负责人: Thomas J. Grabowski
• 金额: $ 30.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7046831
• 关键词: aphasia; behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical research; cognition; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; memory; neural information processing; neuropathology; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; neurosciences; phonology; positron emission tomography; psycholinguistics; semantics; temporal lobe /cortex; temporal lobe /cortex disorder; verbal behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Studies of normal subjects and neurological patients show that the integrity of the left inferior and polar temporal cortex is critical to normal lexical-semantic processes, and that the anatomic substrates of these processes are partially segregated by conceptual category. We will probe the role of these regions in lexical processing using two empirical effects (the semantic interference and word frequency effects) that arise from differential demands on lexical selection and phonological code activation, respectively. The physiologic correlates of these effects, measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), will illuminate the role of the left extrasylvian temporal lobe in normal lexical processing, and clarify whether neural regions specifically involved in lexical processing are segregated by conceptual category. Finally, we will take advantage of a unique Patient Registry including subjects with acquired left temporal lobe damage and anomia. We will examine the correlates of the semantic interference and word frequency effects in these subjects using fMRI techniques that isolate the correlates of successful naming trials. The results will clarify the neural basis for residual lexical retrieval after damage to preferred neural systems. The studies undertaken here address wider issues of plasticity, recovery, and the interplay of systems related to language and memory, and will promote adaptation of fMRI imaging technology to language-impaired patients, in whom it may be used to track the course of disease and recovery, as well as responses to treatment.

描述（由申请人提供）：对正常受试者和神经系统患者的研究表明，左下和极性颞皮层的完整性对于正常的词汇语义过程至关重要，并且这些过程的解剖学基材被概念性类别部分隔离。 我们将使用两种经验效应（语义干扰和单词频率效应）探测这些区域在词汇处理中的作用，这些效应分别源于词汇选择和语音代码激活的差异需求。通过功能磁共振成像（fMRI）测量的这些作用的生理相关性将阐明左侧颞叶叶在正常词汇处理中的作用，并阐明特异性参与词汇处理的神经区域是否通过概念类别隔离。 最后，我们将利用独特的患者注册表，包括具有左颞叶损伤和异常症的受试者。 我们将使用fMRI技术在这些受试者中检查语义干扰和单词频率效应的相关性，从而隔离成功命名试验的相关性。结果将阐明对首选神经系统损害后残留词汇检索的神经基础。此处进行的研究涉及与语言和记忆有关的系统相互作用的更广泛问题，并将促进fMRI成像技术适应对语言受损的患者的适应，这些患者可用于跟踪疾病和康复过程，以及对治疗的反应。