Drosophila Salivary Gland Morphogenesis

果蝇唾液腺形态发生

• 批准号: 6837933
• 负责人: MONN MONN MYAT
• 金额: $ 3.59万
• 依托单位: WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6837933
• 关键词: Drosophilidae; cell adhesion; cell migration; cell morphology; cellular polarity; early embryonic stage; gene expression; gene mutation; genetic screening; green fluorescent proteins; histogenesis; in situ hybridization; phenotype; salivary glands; site directed mutagenesis; trachea; transmission electron microscopy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): During embryonic development, the morphogenetic movements of specified groups of cells are carefully orchestrated to give rise to organs with unique shapes and sizes. To understand the mechanism(s) by which such movements occur, we have chosen to study the early development of the embryonic salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster. Our strategy is to identify mutations affecting salivary gland morphology, and by characterizing the corresponding genes, learn the cellular and molecular basis of cell shape change and cell migration. From a large-scale chemical mutagenesis screen we identified many mutations that cause interesting salivary gland phenotypes, among which is a new allele of hairy which forms branched salivary glands, and a group of mutants which affect the directed migration of the glands. We will determine how mutations in hairy cause salivary glands to branch instead of form uniform tubes, and identify downstream effectors involved in cell shape change. We will characterize the salivary gland migration mutants and identify their corresponding wild-type genes. We will complete the analysis of the remaining mutant lines from the screen and select mutants with possible defects in salivary cell shape change for further characterization. The results of these studies will identify additional genes required for salivary gland morphogenesis and determine how their roles are coordinated to give rise to a tubular organ with a unique shape. The understanding that we gain from these studies will have wide-reaching applications to the formation of other organs as well to certain diseases where cell change shape and tube formation are involved, such as tumor metastasis.

描述（由申请人提供）： 在胚胎发育过程中，特定细胞群的形态发生运动经过精心协调，产生具有独特形状和大小的器官。为了了解这种运动发生的机制，我们选择研究果蝇胚胎唾液腺的早期发育。我们的策略是识别影响唾液腺形态的突变，并通过表征相应的基因，了解细胞形状变化和细胞迁移的细胞和分子基础。通过大规模的化学诱变筛选，我们发现了许多引起有趣的唾液腺表型的突变，其中包括形成分支唾液腺的毛状新等位基因，以及一组影响腺体定向迁移的突变体。我们将确定毛状突变如何导致唾液腺分支而不是形成均匀的管，并确定参与细胞形状变化的下游效应器。我们将表征唾液腺迁移突变体并鉴定其相应的野生型基因。我们将完成对筛选中剩余突变株系的分析，并选择唾液细胞形状变化可能存在缺陷的突变株以进行进一步表征。这些研究的结果将确定唾液腺形态发生所需的其他基因，并确定它们的作用如何协调以产生具有独特形状的管状器官。我们从这些研究中获得的理解将广泛应用于其他器官的形成以及涉及细胞形状改变和管形成的某些疾病，例如肿瘤转移。