Impact of Violence on Obesity & Reproductive Axes in Youth

暴力对肥胖的影响

• 批准号: 7097860
• 负责人: Rosalind J Wright
• 金额: $ 34.02万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7097860
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; child abuse; clinical research; cortisol; disease /disorder proneness /risk; domestic violence; early experience; family structure /dynamics; health behavior; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human puberty; human subject; interpersonal relations; menstrual cycle; menstrual cycle disorder; obesity; posttraumatic stress disorder; precocious puberty; psychological stressor; psychoneuroimmunology; questionnaires; reproductive development; self concept; spouse abuse; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The health effects on children who witness and/or directly experience domestic violence has been identified as a leading public health issue, although its impact on children's health has not been well delineated. Growing research demonstrates the short- and long-term adverse physical, psychological, and behavioral consequences among children growing up with chronic violence. Chronic traumatic stress related to intimate violence (including remote exposures during early childhood) is associated with lasting biological changes known to cause alterations in immune functions potentially important to the pathophysiology of many diseases including obesity. Chronic stress can lead to neuroendocrine dysregulation (HPA and HPG axes) and can in turn have profound inhibitory effects on growth and sex steroid hormones. Therefore, exposure to violence may be associated with the development of obesity/overweight by causing changes in growth and sex steroid hormones. Also, stress-induced neuroendocrine disruption may be associated with reproductive health outcomes including early menarche, menstrual irregularity, and chronic functional pelvic/abdominal pain. Furthermore, these shared pathways may in part explain the link between obesity and these reproductive outcomes. No prospective study has examined the relationship between early life family violence exposure and the trajectory of weight gain in childhood and adolescence or the incidence of childhood obesity. Moreover, no studies exist to date which explore the influence of obesity, as a mediator of the relationship between violence as a chronic stressor and reproductive health outcomes in adolescents and young adults. We propose to measure family violence exposure in a sub-cohort of adolescents and young adults participating in the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS) (n approximately 16000) which provides a working infrastructure to facilitate this undertaking. In addition, salivary cortisol rhythms will be examined in relation to history of violence exposure and as a mediator between violence exposure and the proposed outcomes in a subsample (n=1200).

描述（由申请人提供）：目睹和/或直接经历家庭暴力的儿童的健康影响已被确定为主要的公共卫生问题，尽管其对儿童健康的影响尚未得到很好的描述。越来越多的研究表明，在长期遭受暴力的环境下成长的儿童会遭受短期和长期的身体、心理和行为方面的不良后果。与亲密暴力（包括儿童早期的远程接触）相关的慢性创伤性应激与持久的生物变化有关，已知这些变化会导致免疫功能的改变，这对包括肥胖在内的许多疾病的病理生理学可能很重要。慢性压力会导致神经内分泌失调（HPA 和 HPG 轴），进而对生长和性类固醇激素产生深远的抑制作用。因此，接触暴力可能会导致生长激素和性类固醇激素的变化，从而与肥胖/超重的发生有关。此外，压力引起的神经内分泌干扰可能与生殖健康结果相关，包括初潮提前、月经不调和慢性功能性骨盆/腹部疼痛。此外，这些共同的途径可能部分解释了肥胖与这些生殖结果之间的联系。尚无前瞻性研究探讨生命早期家庭暴力暴露与儿童和青春期体重增加轨迹或儿童肥胖发生率之间的关系。此外，迄今为止还没有研究探讨肥胖作为青少年和年轻人的慢性压力源暴力与生殖健康结果之间关系的中介因素的影响。我们建议测量参与“今日成长研究”(GUTS) 的青少年和年轻人子群体（约 16000 名）的家庭暴力暴露情况，该群体为促进这项工作提供了工作基础设施。此外，还将检查唾液皮质醇节律与暴力暴露史的关系，并作为子样本（n=1200）中暴力暴露和建议结果之间的中介。