Information Processing Biases in Specific Phobia

特定恐惧症中的信息处理偏差

• 批准号: 7127644
• 负责人: SHANNAN B SMITH-JANIK
• 金额: $ 2.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-15 至 2007-09-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7127644
• 关键词: Arachnida; adolescence (12-20); age difference; anxiety; attention; avoidance behavior; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral habituation /sensitization; bias; child psychology; clinical research; disease /disorder onset; disease /disorder proneness /risk; escape reaction; fear; human subject; interview; memory; middle childhood (6-11); neural information processing; phobias; predoctoral investigator; psychological tests; questionnaires

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The role of information processing biases (e.g. distortions in attention, interpretation, and memory) in the onset and maintenance of anxiety disorders in childhood is understudied. This is concerning given the large number of children suffering from anxiety and the evidence from adult populations that biases likely play a significant role in the persistence of pathological anxiety. Research suggests that anxious youth show patterns of information processing biases similar to adults (biases toward threat-relevant information); however, the nature of these biases and the age at which they are established is unclear. This study will investigate biases in attention, interpretation, and memory, in spider fearful and non-fearful children (age 9-10; N=30 per fear group) and young adults (age 18-19; N=30 per fear group) to evaluate predictions from cognitive theories of anxiety and fear. Interactions between information processing biases and an established risk factor for anxiety (behavioral inhibition) will be examined for their ability to predict subjective distress, avoidance, and habituation. Better understanding of information processing biases is critical to improve on prevention and intervention efforts for anxiety.

描述（由申请人提供）：信息处理偏见的作用（例如注意力，解释和记忆中的扭曲）在童年时期的焦虑症的发作和维持中被研究了。 鉴于大量患有焦虑症的儿童以及成年人群的证据可能在病理焦虑的持续存在中起着重要作用，这是关于这一点的。 研究表明，焦虑的青年表现出类似于成人的信息处理偏见的模式（偏见与威胁相关的信息）；但是，这些偏见的性质和建立的年龄尚不清楚。 这项研究将调查蜘蛛，恐惧和非恐惧的孩子（9-10岁；每个恐惧组n = 30）和年轻人（年龄18-19；每个恐惧组n = 30）中的注意力，解释和记忆的偏见，以评估来自焦虑和恐惧认知理论的预测。 信息处理偏见与已建立的焦虑风险因素（行为抑制）之间的相互作用，以预测主观困扰，回避和习惯的能力。 更好地了解信息处理偏见对于改善预防和干预焦虑的工作至关重要。