The Influence of Famine on Roman Reactions to Sixteenth-Century Urban Reconstruction

饥荒对罗马十六世纪城市重建反应的影响

• 批准号: 2732559
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2732559
• 关键词: Influence; Famine; Roman; Reactions; Sixteenth

Early Modern Roman churches, buildings, and roads now stagger awe-struck tourists, and many historians react similarly when describing the sixteenth-century urban developments that shaped the city we admire today. These reactions, however, do not reflect the fact that the most intense periods of Roman reconstruction were contemporaneous with severe food shortages. After surviving repeated famines, scrounging for sour bread on the Eternal City's streets, how did Romans react to the destruction of their homes for lavish construction projects that directly contradicted the scarcity they suffered first-hand? For my DPhil research, I am studying how famines affected Romans' reactions to urban projects. In doing so, I am expanding on the work of scholars such as Joseph Connors, Laurie Nussdorfer, and Giorgio Simoncini by exploring the often ignored voices of the non-elite. My studies build off the work of Henri Lefebvre by exploring the dialectical relationship between commoners and their environment, as opposed to solely focusing on the intended message of those in power. My research provides a needed reevaluation of sixteenth-century Roman reconstruction and urban life by uplifting the often overlooked voices of protest and the lived experience of commoners. My work also takes a novel and necessary step in the scholarship by incorporating the cultural and social impacts of hunger into the history of famine. To execute this project, I am exploring the records of the Maestri di Strade and the Presidenze Delle Strade (street officials) who often acted in a judicial role between property owners and those leading construction projects. In these records, I study conflicts over construction, as well as mentions of popular rejection of such projects. I am also studying Roman avvisi (newsletters) for moments of protest or popular reactions to urban reconstruction. This methodology is inspired by the research of anthropologist James C. Scott on how to witness the subtle forms of popular protest to power.My research asks how urban projects affect residents and how trauma shapes civil reactions to the cities their governments construct. Through this project, I intend to heighten our understanding of how to improve modern cities while honoring the past and present experiences of their residents.

早期现代罗马的教堂、建筑和道路现在让游客惊叹不已，许多历史学家在描述塑造了我们今天所欣赏的城市的 16 世纪城市发展时也有类似的反应。然而，这些反应并没有反映出罗马重建最激烈的时期与严重的粮食短缺同时发生的事实。在经历了一次又一次的饥荒，在永恒之城的街道上寻找酸面包后，罗马人对他们的家园因奢华的建筑工程而被毁有何反应，而这与他们亲眼所见的匮乏直接矛盾？在我的哲学博士研究中，我正在研究饥荒如何影响罗马人对城市项目的反应。在此过程中，我通过探索经常被忽视的非精英声音来扩展约瑟夫·康纳斯、劳里·努斯多弗和乔治·西蒙奇尼等学者的工作。我的研究以亨利·列斐伏尔（Henri Lefebvre）的作品为基础，探索平民与其环境之间的辩证关系，而不是仅仅关注当权者想要传达的信息。我的研究通过提升经常被忽视的抗议声音和平民的生活体验，为十六世纪的罗马重建和城市生活提供了必要的重新评估。我的工作还通过将饥饿的文化和社会影响纳入饥荒的历史，在学术上迈出了新颖且必要的一步。为了执行这个项目，我正在探索 Maestri di Strade 和 Presidenze Delle Strade（街道官员）的记录，他们经常在业主和主导建设项目之间发挥司法作用。在这些记录中，我研究了建设方面的冲突，以及提到普遍拒绝此类项目的情况。我还在研究罗马 avvisi（时事通讯），以了解抗议时刻或民众对城市重建的反应。这种方法的灵感来自人类学家詹姆斯·C·斯科特（James C. Scott）关于如何见证民众对权力的微妙形式抗议的研究。我的研究询问城市项目如何影响居民，以及创伤如何影响公民对其政府建设的城市的反应。通过这个项目，我打算加深我们对如何改善现代城市的理解，同时尊重居民过去和现在的经历。