Volcanism, Sedimentation, and Hydrothermal activity in Santorini, Greece

希腊圣托里尼岛的火山活动、沉积作用和热液活动

• 批准号: 2696635
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2696635
• 关键词: Volcanism; Sedimentation; Hydrothermal; activity; Santorini

Volcanic arcs are very important in terms of their impact on society since they are usually densely populated and thus pose a high risk (Sigurdsson, 2015). Santorini is considered one of the most violent and famous volcanoes in the world (Varnavas and Papavasiliou, 2020). It is the most active hydrothermal centre of the Hellenic Volcanic Arc in the Aegean Sea. The central and eastern sectors of the arc are characterized by large stratovolcanoes with caldera structures (Santorini) whilst the western part has mainly small, monogenic eruptive centres. Both subduction and extension occurs in the arc whereby the associated volcanism is thought to result from the subduction of the African lithosphere beneath the Aegean microplate (Varnavas and Papavasiliou, 2020). Though activity is considered to have begun in the late Pliocene, most of it is Quaternary (Druitt et al., 1999).Santorini has a caldera structure created by multiple collapse events, one of which is the famous so-called Minoan eruption of ca. 1650 BCE, which covered neighbouring lands with thick tephra and caused tsunamis. Two volcanic islets, Palea Kameni and Nea Kameni (the Kameni Islands), were progressively formed in the middle of the caldera between 197 BCE and 1950 CE (Tarchini et al., 2019). Santorini magmas range from basaltic to rhyolitic and evidence of magma mixing is common, as [is the case(?)] for many arc magma systems (Druitt et al., 2019).

火山弧对社会的影响非常重要，因为它们通常人口稠密，因此风险很高（Sigurdsson，2015）。圣托里尼岛被认为是世界上最猛烈和最著名的火山之一（Varnavas 和 Papavasiliou，2020）。它是爱琴海希腊火山弧最活跃的热液中心。弧线的中部和东部地区以具有破火山口结构的大型成层火山（圣托里尼岛）为特征，而西部地区则主要有小型、单源喷发中心。俯冲和伸展都发生在弧线上，相关的火山活动被认为是由非洲岩石圈俯冲到爱琴海微板块下方造成的（Varnavas 和 Papavasiliou，2020）。虽然活动被认为是在上新世晚期开始的，但大部分活动是在第四纪（Druitt et al., 1999）。圣托里尼岛有一个由多次塌陷事件形成的破火山口结构，其中之一就是著名的所谓米诺斯火山喷发。 。公元前 1650 年，邻近的土地被厚厚的火山灰覆盖并引发了海啸。公元前 197 年至公元 1950 年间，两个火山岛 Palea Kameni 和 Nea Kameni（卡美尼群岛）在火山口中部逐渐形成（Tarchini 等，2019）。圣托里尼岩浆的范围从玄武岩到流纹岩，岩浆混合的证据很常见，就像许多弧岩浆系统的情况一样（Druitt et al., 2019）。