Narrating the Imperial Past: Public Space and the Politics of Memory in Post - Soviet Ukraine

讲述帝国的过去：后苏联乌克兰的公共空间和记忆政治

• 批准号: 2669206
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2669206
• 关键词: Narrating; Imperial; Past; Public; Space

The collapse of the USSR and democratization processes in the formerrepublics triggered the rewriting of master narratives and the shaping of a specificnational identityfor an independent Ukrainian state. This involved the reassessment of the relations between Ukraineand Russia as an imperial center, as well as reevaluations of Ukrainian history under Soviet rule andthe development of new national memory politics.The Orange Revolution of 2004 and memory initiatives under President Yushchenkoclearlyarticulated refuted the myth of 'eternal friendship' between the 'brotherly' Ukrainian and Russianpeoples and condemned the crimes of the Communist regime against Ukrainians. The revolution putnew aspects, such as tension between pro-European and pro-Russian vectors of Ukraine'sdevelopment, on the agenda. This was mirrored in the activities of diverse memory agents. While thePresident concentrated on the experiences of Ukraine during Soviet rule, local elites turned to adistant past, when various Ukrainian territories belonged to the Austro-Hungarian and Russianempires (monuments to Catherine II in Odesa and to Franz Joseph in Chernivtsi).Discrepancies between pro-European and pro-Russian orientations became clear during theEuro-Maidanprotests in 2013-2014 and conflict with Russian-backed separatists. State memoryactors began to question to what extent Russian imperial figures have a place in Ukrainian history andcultural memory. Particular attention has been paid to the highly disputed monument to Catherine IIin Odesa. In agreement with Ukrainian nationalists, the Ukrainian Institute of National Memory(UINM) called for the statue's removal, provoking debate about the fate of Russian monumentallegacy, involving a wide range of local and state actors.

苏联的崩溃和前共和国的民主化进程引发了主要叙事的重写和独立乌克兰国家特定民族身份的塑造。这涉及到重新评估作为帝国中心的乌克兰和俄罗斯之间的关系，以及重新评估苏联统治下的乌克兰历史和新的国家记忆政治的发展。2004年的橙色革命和尤先科总统领导下的记忆倡议明确驳斥了“永恒”的神话。乌克兰和俄罗斯人民之间的“兄弟”友谊，并谴责共产主义政权对乌克兰人犯下的罪行。革命将新的方面，例如乌克兰发展的亲欧派和亲俄派之间的紧张关系提上议程。这反映在不同记忆剂的活动中。当总统专注于苏联统治期间乌克兰的经历时，当地精英则转向遥远的过去，当时乌克兰的各个领土属于奥匈帝国和俄罗斯帝国（敖德萨的叶卡捷琳娜二世纪念碑和切尔诺夫策的弗朗茨·约瑟夫纪念碑）。欧洲和亲俄罗斯的倾向在 2013 年至 2014 年的欧洲独立广场抗议期间变得清晰，与俄罗斯支持的分裂分子发生冲突。国家记忆演员开始质疑俄罗斯帝国人物在乌克兰历史和文化记忆中的地位有多大。敖德萨备受争议的叶卡捷琳娜二世纪念碑受到了特别关注。乌克兰国家记忆研究所（UINM）与乌克兰民族主义者达成一致，呼吁拆除这座雕像，引发了有关俄罗斯纪念碑遗产命运的辩论，涉及广泛的地方和国家行为者。