CRCNS: Innovative technologies inspired by biosonar

CRCNS：受生物声纳启发的创新技术

• 批准号: 7069140
• 负责人: CYNTHIA F MOSS
• 金额: $ 32.29万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7069140
• 关键词: Chiroptera; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; biological models; central nervous system; computational neuroscience; ethology; interdisciplinary collaboration; mathematics; radiowave radiation; robotics; sensorimotor system; sensory signal detection; sonar; space perception; technology /technique development; telemetry; video recording system

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Fundamental to health human function is the transformation of sensory information to motor commands for adaptive behaviors such as reaching, grasping, tracking, and steering in the environment. A more complete understanding of the mechanisms that support these vital functions of the nervous system will facilitate treatment and rehabilitation when they fail to develop normally or break down through disease. Our CRCNS project takes an innovative, multidisciplinary approach to advance technology and theory on this central problem in neurobiology and medicine, drawing on the coordinated efforts in engineering, systems neuroscience and computational modeling. Specifically, we propose to integrate miniaturized radio telemetry recordings, advanced signal processing, control systems theory, adaptive motor studies and spatial behaviors. Empirical studies will employ an animal model that has evolved a highly successful adaptive sonar-guidance system, the echolocating bat. This mammal actively controls a complex of motor behaviors, guided by dynamic, 3-D spatial information extracted from acoustic signals. We will collect, analyze, and interpret behavioral and neural recordings from a free-flying echolocating bat, and this data will be used in computational models of sensorimotor feedback control and spatial navigation through complex environments. This work will direct the development of new algorithms for adaptive control in robotics and applications in neuromorphic engineering. It will also lay the foundation for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as implantable neural prostheses, ultra-lightweight low power sensors, controllers, medical tool design, and sonar-based assistive medical devices.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类健康功能的基础是将感官信息转化为运动命令，以实现适应性行为，例如在环境中伸手、抓握、跟踪和转向。 更全面地了解支持神经系统这些重要功能的机制将有助于在神经系统无法正常发育或因疾病而崩溃时进行治疗和康复。 我们的 CRCNS 项目采用创新的多学科方法，利用工程、系统神经科学和计算建模方面的协调努力，推进关于神经生物学和医学这一核心问题的技术和理论。 具体来说，我们建议整合小型无线电遥测记录、先进的信号处理、控制系统理论、自适应运动研究和空间行为。 实证研究将采用一种已经进化出非常成功的自适应声纳制导系统的动物模型，即回声定位蝙蝠。 这种哺乳动物在从声音信号中提取的动态 3D 空间信息的引导下主动控制复杂的运动行为。 我们将收集、分析和解释自由飞行的回声定位蝙蝠的行为和神经记录，这些数据将用于复杂环境中的感觉运动反馈控制和空间导航的计算模型。 这项工作将指导机器人自适应控制和神经形态工程应用的新算法的开发。 它还将为广泛的生物医学应用奠定基础，例如植入式神经假体、超轻型低功耗传感器、控制器、医疗工具设计和基于声纳的辅助医疗设备。