Population-based Surveillance for Zoonotic Influenza A

基于人群的人畜共患甲型流感监测

• 批准号: 6763725
• 负责人: Gregory Charles Gray
• 金额: $ 29.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6763725
• 关键词: Aves; adult human (21+); agriculture worker; clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk; disease outbreaks; domestic animals; emerging infectious disease; epidemiology; human subject; influenza; influenzavirus A; longitudinal human study; microorganism culture; occupational hazard; public health; questionnaires; rural area; sample collection; serology /serodiagnosis; swine; swine influenza; zoonosis

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Epidemic influenza A is an emerging public health problem for both humans and domestic animals. In the last 10 years, human influenza has caused severe morbidity among US domestic swine, herds, avian influenza has caused the destruction of large poultry flocks in Virginia and North Carolina, and avian influenza has caused unusual human disease or deaths in Hong Kong, the Netherlands, Belgium, and likely the Eastern United States. We plan to initiate a series of epidemiological studies of zoonotic influenza A with a long term goal of reducing cross-species influenza morbidity. Our objective in this first application is to prospectively determine risk factors and the incidence of zoonotic influenza infection among rural mid-western agricultural workers. It is our central hypothesis that zoonotic influenza infection will be relatively frequent among Iowan swine and poultry workers and that we will be able to identify populations at high risk as well as estimate the incidence of infection among various populations. We will use data from the 90,000-person Agricultural Health Study (AHS) to identify study subjects who are occupationally exposed to swine (n=200), poultry (n=200), swine and poultry (n=200) and a gender and age-matched (4:1) group of 150 control subjects without such exposures. As influenza activity cannot be predicted we will follow the subjects over two winter periods. Upon enrollment, and after 12 and 24 months of follow-up, participants will be asked to complete a questionnaire and donate sera. If participants develop signs and symptoms of an influenza-like illness, they will additionally be asked to complete a questionnaire, and to permit the collection of a throat swab, a posterior nasal swab, and a gargle sample within 48 hours of symptom development. Laboratory studies will be performed on sera samples to detect infection with swine and avian influenza virus types. Molecular studies and culture will be used to additionally identify influenza strains from the swab and gargle samples. We are particularly well suited to conduct this work as we have extensive experience conducting both epidemiological and laboratory-based studies of respiratory pathogens.

描述（由申请人提供）：流行性甲型流感是人类和家畜面临的一个新出现的公共卫生问题。过去10年，人类流感在美国家猪、猪群中造成严重发病，禽流感在弗吉尼亚州和北卡罗来纳州造成大型家禽群遭到破坏，禽流感在香港造成异常人类疾病或死亡。荷兰、比利时，可能还有美国东部。我们计划启动一系列人畜共患甲型流感流行病学研究，长期目标是降低跨物种流感发病率。我们首次应用的目标是前瞻性地确定中西部农村农业工人中人畜共患流感感染的危险因素和发病率。我们的中心假设是，人畜共患流感感染在爱荷华州的猪和家禽工人中相对频繁，我们将能够识别高危人群并估计不同人群的感染发生率。 我们将使用 90,000 人农业健康研究 (AHS) 的数据来确定职业接触猪 (n=200)、家禽 (n=200)、猪和家禽 (n=200) 的研究对象以及性别和性别年龄匹配 (4:1) 的 150 名对照组受试者没有此类暴露。由于流感活动无法预测，我们将在两个冬季对受试者进行跟踪。注册后以及 12 和 24 个月的随访后，参与者将被要求填写一份调查问卷并捐赠血清。如果参与者出现流感样疾病的体征和症状，他们还将被要求填写一份调查问卷，并允许在症状出现后 48 小时内采集咽喉拭子、后鼻拭子和漱口样本。将对血清样本进行实验室研究，以检测猪和禽流感病毒类型的感染。分子研究和培养将用于从拭子和漱口样本中额外鉴定流感病毒株。 我们特别适合开展这项工作，因为我们在进行呼吸道病原体的流行病学和实验室研究方面拥有丰富的经验。