Novel Materials based on Nanocrystalline Oxide Doping of Glasses

基于玻璃纳米晶氧化物掺杂的新型材料

• 批准号: 2620761
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Kent
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2620761
• 关键词: Novel; Materials; based; Nanocrystalline; Oxide

Polluted water represents a serious economic and human cost. In middle-income countries like India where water pollution is a big problem, the economic impact amounts to a loss of almost half of GDP growth in downstream regions [1]. In fact, it is estimated that every day, almost 40 million litres of wastewater enter rivers and other water bodies in India with only a tiny fraction adequately treated. Such a release of pollution upstream is associated with a significant reduction in agricultural revenues and yields.In order to reduce contaminants, physical (filtration, adsorption), chemical and biological treatments can be used. Physical treatments based on membrane filtration are known to be more reliable than chemical and biological treatments when it comes to removing oil and other contaminants from water. Adsorption by various sorbents is considered to be the most efficient, economical and ecologically benign approach, since the pollutant can be discarded properly after adsorption, and the adsorbant can frequently be recycled or reused several times. Aerogels, which are sponge-like materials, with up to 98% of their total volume being air (hence the name) have excellent physicochemical properties such as low density, high porosity, high surface area and adjustable surface chemistry that can be exploited in several applications. In particular, aerogels have attracted significant attention as an adsorption media for removal of several environmental and human health-threatening pollutants [2]. The use of aerogels in environmental remediation can be applied to CO2 adsorption from atmospheric air, to removal of volatile organic contaminants in industrial and municipal effluents, and to water treatment processes for adsorption of oil, hazardous organic compounds and heavy metal ions. Indeed, the above-mentioned contaminants are the major source of pollution in the contemporary world contributing to serious environmental problems such as global warming and hazards for human health.Titania, TiO2, is an oxide material with excellent properties which are exploited in a wide range of applications, finding use as a catalyst, as a component in photoanodes in solar cells and even as a scaffold in bone implants. In particular, the excellent properties of titania as a photocatalyst, meaning that light falling on titania will enhance chemical reactions, have been applied to the degradation of pollutants under visible light [3]. Among the common crystalline forms of titania, anatase is considered as the more active phase because of its superior surface chemistry, more open framework, and better electron diffusion, which leads to an enhancement in transport efficiency and a higher band-gap. Photocatalytic activity is indeed strongly dependent on parameters such as surface area, band gap, and phase composition

被污染的水代表了严重的经济和人为成本。在像印度这样的中等收入国家中，水污染是一个大问题，经济影响却损失了下游地区GDP增长的一半[1]。实际上，据估计，每天，近4000万升废水进入印度的河流和其他水体，只有一小部分的处理方法。上游污染的这种释放与农业收入和产量的显着降低有关。为了减少污染物，物理（过滤，吸附），化学和生物处理，可以使用污染物。众所周知，基于膜过滤的物理治疗比化学和生物学处理更可靠，而从水中去除石油和其他污染物。各种吸附剂的吸附被认为是最有效，最经济和生态的良性方法，因为可以在吸附后正确丢弃污染物，并且可以经常将吸附剂回收或重复多次。气凝胶是海绵状材料，其总体积的98％为空气（因此名称）具有出色的物理化学特性，例如低密度，高孔隙率，高表面积和可调节的表面化学性质，可以在几种应用中利用。特别是，作为去除几种环境和人类威胁性污染物的吸附培养基，气凝胶引起了极大的关注[2]。在环境修复中使用气凝胶可以应用于从大气空气中吸附的二氧化碳吸附，在工业和市政废水中除去挥发性有机污染物，以及用于对石油，危险有机化合物和重金属离子的吸附的水处理过程。实际上，上述污染物是当代世界中污染的主要来源，造成了严重的环境问题，例如全球变暖和对人类健康的危害。Tio2是一种具有出色特性的氧化物材料，可利用其在多种应用中使用，在催化剂中使用，在Solar cystal中，在Solar and in Borner and sckaff中，以及既依靠born and copt of stromp and ncoff and cop。特别是，二氧化钛作为光催化剂的优秀特性，这意味着落在二氧化钛上的光将增强化学反应，已应用于可见光下污染物的降解[3]。在常见的结晶形式的二氧化钛形式中，由于其优质的表面化学，更开放的框架和更好的电子扩散，解剖酶被认为是更活跃的相位，从而提高了传输效率和更高的带隙。光催化活性确实很大程度上取决于参数，例如表面积，带隙和相组成