Ecology of large and small scale mosquito invasions

大、小规模蚊子入侵的生态学

• 批准号: 6848650
• 负责人: Todd Philip Livdahl
• 金额: $ 22.01万
• 依托单位: CLARK UNIVERSITY (WORCESTER, MA)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6848650
• 关键词: Aedes; North America; animal ecology; animal population density; animal population study; environmental adaptation; ethology; field study; polymerase chain reaction; systematic biology; veterinary medicine; zoonosis

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will track the course of three mosquito invasions. One of these, the spread of Aedes albopictus in North America, began with the shipment of used tires to the US from Asia in the early 1980's. We are interested in its interaction with resident mosquitoes, especially competition with the treehole mosquito Aedes triseriatus. Two other invasions, by Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, are early in the colonization phase in Bermuda. Tests for interspecies agonistic effects will be conducted by tracking population change in 100 US localities concurrently, with the help of an extensive network of school children and their teachers, who will send substrates from egg traps to us for species identification. Substrates from egg trap sites in Bermuda, part of a vector surveillance program, will be sent to us for species identification, using PCR methodology. Rates of change for each population will be calculated, and tests for density effects by each species will be conducted. This study, which will be among the largest concurrent census-based studies of natural populations, will attempt to link experimental work with actual changes at the population level. An independent test for competition between species will be done by sampling female adults in eight locations in the US and eight in Bermuda, selected for their relatively high and low densities of each species. Females will be measured, with the expectation that competition will result in smaller females. Tests for the influence of larvae on female habitat choice will also be conducted under field conditions in the US and Bermuda. Habitat choice can be either a mitigating or an intensifying factor for other species interactions, including competition. All species involved in this study are involved in the transmission of important human diseases, including La Crosse virus, Dengue virus, and yellow fever. All have potential to transmit West Nile virus.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将跟踪三种蚊子入侵的过程。其中之一是白纹伊蚊在北美的传播，始于 20 世纪 80 年代初将旧轮胎从亚洲运往美国。我们对它与常驻蚊子的相互作用感兴趣，特别是与树洞蚊子三列伊蚊的竞争。白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊的另外两次入侵正处于百慕大定殖阶段的早期。种间竞争效应的测试将通过同时跟踪美国 100 个地区的人口变化来进行，并在广泛的学童及其老师网络的帮助下进行，他们会将来自鸡蛋陷阱的基质发送给我们进行物种鉴定。作为媒介监测计划的一部分，来自百慕大产蛋陷阱地点的底物将被发送给我们，使用 PCR 方法进行物种鉴定。将计算每个种群的变化率，并对每个物种的密度影响进行测试。这项研究将成为最大的同时进行的基于人口普查的自然种群研究之一，将尝试将实验工作与种群水平的实际变化联系起来。将通过在美国八个地点和百慕大八个地点对雌性成虫进行抽样来进行物种间竞争的独立测试，这些雌性成虫是根据每个物种相对较高和较低的密度进行选择的。将对雌性进行测量，预计竞争会导致雌性体型较小。幼虫对雌性栖息地选择影响的测试也将在美国和百慕大的实地条件下进行。栖息地选择可以是其他物种相互作用（包括竞争）的缓解因素或加剧因素。 这项研究涉及的所有物种都参与了重要人类疾病的传播，包括拉克罗斯病毒、登革热病毒和黄热病。所有这些都有可能传播西尼罗河病毒。