VECTOR COMPETENCE FOR LA CROSSE VIRUS IN AEDES

伊蚊中拉十字病毒的载体能力

• 批准号: 2057728
• 负责人: GEORGE B CRAIG
• 金额: $ 43.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-01-01 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2057728
• 关键词: Aedes; Africa; Bunyaviridae; Central America; North America; animal ecology; animal population genetics; biological polymorphism; chromosome translocation; circadian rhythms; diapause; disease vectors; electron microscopy; electrophoresis; epizootiology; field study; filariasis; genetic markers; genetic registry /resource /referral center; genetic strain; host organism interaction; humidity; immunofluorescence technique; insect control; invertebrate endocrinology; isozymes; laboratory mouse; linkage mapping; malaria; nonvisual photosensitivity; pest control; pheromone; psychobiology; radiation genetics; reproduction; seasons; sex sterilization; virus replication

Aedes triseriatus, the treehole mosquito, is the primary vector of La Crosse virus (LAC) cause of the most common form of encephalitis in the midwest. Both control and monitoring of this mosquito are exceptionally difficult. Continued genetic and ecological research on vector competence are proposed, with the hope than an "Achilles heel" can be exploited. Research includes a sibling species, Ae. hendersoni (non-vector of LAC), Ae. brelandi, Ae. zoosophus and Ae. atropalpus. (1) Ability to transmit LAC differs greatly in different populations (10-90%). Oral, transovarial and venereal transmission will be analyzed genetically; virus-refactory strains with genetic markers will be developed. Studies on pathology (EM, FA), salivation rate, biting behavior and fecundity will be used to assess the cost of viral infection to the mosquito. Effect of environmental stress on transmission rate will be determined. (2) Studies on genetic structure involve further isolation of biochemical and morphological mutants, as well as improvement of linkage maps. Physiological traits (barriers to LAC infection, inability to diapause in the egg. resistance to drying) will be located on the linkage map. Electrophoretic analysis of clinical variation and sibling species differences will be compared via isozyme allele frequency. Effect of breeding system will be determined in inbred lines (F10 + of brother-sister mating). (3) Ecological studies will concentrate on population dynamics and productivity of mosquitoes that breed in discarded tires. Strains with rare isozyme alleles will be used to trace field dispersal. Since virtually nothing is known of field bionomics of Ae. hendersoni, we will study this species in the forest canopy via high towers. Tire productivity and adult dispersal of Ae. atropalpus will be followed. Finally, we will try to develop improved capture methods for adults. (5) Biological control laboratory experiments and field trials will be continued with predatory mosquitoes, Toxorhynchites sp. and Anopheles barberi. Control potential of a gregarine protozoan parasite of the larval midgut, Ascogrenarina, will be determined. Larval competition experiments will be undertaken with a female-sterile mutant of Aedes aegypti; this mutant absorbs the available food, causing Ae. triseriatus to starve. (5) Our Stock Center will continue to maintain 40 species and 180 strains and to furnish them to other laboratories. Finally Ae. hendersoni will be colonized (without forced-mating) for the first time.

三列伊蚊（树洞蚊）是 La 的主要传播媒介 克罗斯病毒 (LAC) 是导致最常见脑炎的原因 中西部。 对这种蚊子的控制和监测都非常出色 难的。 继续对载体能力进行遗传和生态研究 提出了这些建议，希望能够利用“阿喀琉斯之踵”。 研究包括一个兄弟物种，Ae。 hendersoni（LAC 的非载体）， 艾。布雷兰迪，Ae.兽食管属和伊蚊属。萎缩须。 (1)传输能力 LAC在不同人群中差异很大（10-90%）。 口服、经卵巢 并对性传播进行基因分析；病毒抵抗力 将开发带有遗传标记的菌株。 病理学研究（EM、 FA）、流涎率、咬合行为和繁殖力将用于评估 蚊子感染病毒的成本。 环境影响 传输速率的压力将被确定。 (2)遗传研究 结构涉及生化和形态学的进一步分离 突变体，以及连锁图谱的改进。 生理特征 （LAC 感染的障碍，无法在卵中滞育。对 干燥）将位于链接地图上。 电泳分析 临床变异和兄弟物种差异将通过以下方式进行比较 同工酶等位基因频率。 育种体系的效果将在 自交系（F10 + 兄弟姐妹交配）。 (3)生态学研究 专注于蚊子的种群动态和生产力 在废弃轮胎中繁殖。 将使用具有稀有同工酶等位基因的菌株 追踪场扩散。 由于对现场几乎一无所知 Ae 的生物学原理。亨德索尼，我们将在森林里研究这个物种 通过高塔的天篷。 轮胎生产力和伊蚊成虫扩散。 随后将出现萎缩。 最后，我们将尝试开发改进的 成人的捕捉方法。 (5)生物防治实验室实验 并将继续对捕食性蚊子进行实地试验， Toxorhynchites sp。和巴贝按蚊。 格雷加林的控制潜力 幼虫中肠的原生动物寄生虫 Ascogrenarina 将 决定。 幼虫竞争实验将进行 埃及伊蚊雌性不育突变体；这种突变体吸收了可用的 食物，引起 Ae。 triseriatus 挨饿。 (5) 我们的库存中心将 继续保留40个物种和180个菌株并将其提供给 其他实验室。 最后是艾。亨德索尼将被殖民（没有 强迫交配）第一次。