BAC Test Refusals: Are Impaired Driving Laws Threatened?

BAC 拒绝考试：酒后驾驶法是否受到威胁？

• 批准号: 6969968
• 负责人: TARA KELLEY-BAKER
• 金额: $ 21.72万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6969968
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; behavioral /social science research tag; breath tests; clinical research; decision making; driving while intoxicated; human data; informed consent

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): After a 15-year decline, alcohol-related motor vehicle fatalities are increasing. Researchers and advocates are searching to understand why this reversal has occurred and to identify solutions. This proposed research examines one possible contributing factor: refusal of driving-under-the influence (DUI) suspects to submit to chemical tests of their blood alcohol concentration (BAC). Drunk-driving convictions largely are dependent on BAC evidence. Yet, state BAC refusal rates range from 5% to 85%. The absence of BAC evidence complicates prosecution for impaired driving, thus providing considerable incentive for offenders to refuse the BAC test. The proposed study involves a secondary analysis of the driver license records from 16 states covering a third of all DUI offenders in the nation to determine the importance of refusal to avoid conviction and to offender recidivism. It will also investigate whether refusals are increasing and the characteristics of those that refuse the test and the affect of laws which penalize test refusal. The results of the study will be useful to state policymakers who face federal legislation that provides incentives for states to increase the severity of the penalties for refusal.

描述（由申请人提供）：在下降了15年后，与酒精相关的机动车死亡人数正在增加。研究人员和倡导者正在搜索以了解为什么发生这种逆转并识别解决方案。这项拟议的研究研究了一个可能的促成因素：拒绝驾驶 - 影响力（DUI）嫌疑人接受其血液酒精浓度（BAC）的化学测试。醉酒驾驶的信念在很大程度上取决于BAC证据。然而，州BAC拒绝率在5％至85％之间。缺乏BAC证据使起诉受损的起诉变得复杂，从而为罪犯拒绝BAC测试提供了相当大的动力。拟议的研究涉及对16个州的驾驶执照记录进行的次要分析，涵盖了全国所有DUI罪犯的三分之一，以确定拒绝避免定罪和犯罪者累犯的重要性。它还将调查拒绝是否在增加和 那些拒绝测试的人以及拒绝测试的法律的影响。该研究的结果将对面对联邦立法的州政策制定者有用，这为各州增加了拒绝刑罚的严重性。