Center for African American Urban Health

非裔美国人城市健康中心

• 批准号: 6657192
• 负责人: John Mark Flack
• 金额: $ 126.68万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-18 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6657192
• 关键词: African American; cardiovascular disorder risk; clinical research; disease /disorder prevention /control; health disparity; human subject; obesity

The Wayne State University (WSU) Center for African American Urban Health is a 5-year proposal that consists of five Cores and four Projects with participation of 34 investigators from various Departments, Centers, and Programs across the WSU campus. The Center has invested heavily in coalescing and expanding a shared research infrastructure that is widely accessible to investigators. The four Cores represent specialized areas of expertise and services required to undertake testing of multi-level hypotheses related to research in racial health disparities. These Cores form the foundation of our application. The Cores are: 1) Psychosocial and Community Measures; 2) Recruitment and Clinical Assessment; 3) Biostatistics and Research Database; and 4) Genomics Core. These Cores allow the investigators to test a broader range of Project-specific study hypotheses in a more cost-efficient manner than would be possible with stand-alone Projects. African Americans were selected as the exclusive study population for the Center because of their high burden of obesity-related disease such as breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease). Also, while Detroit has the third largest population of African Americans, it has the highest percentage (81.6%) of African Americans of any major city in the USA. The four Projects are: 1) Project 1: Obesity, Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress and Salt Sensitivity, 2) Project 2: Weight Loss in Breast Cancer Survivors, 3) Project 3: A Dyadic Intervention for Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients, and 4) Project 4: Promotion of Healthy Behavior in African American Women. These Projects are thematically linked through obesity, diet and other lifestyle factors including physical activity, and obesity-related cardiovascular disease and cancer. Our research efforts are focused on understanding the mechanisms operating at multiple levels (environment, lifestyle, physiology, genetics) mediating known disparate chronic conditions and their precursors. We also seek to identify preventive strategies and therapeutic approaches that might alleviate the disproportionate burden of disease. Primary as well as interactive effects of environmental exposures (household and community-level) and psychobehavioral characteristics with physiological measures (e.g., 24-hour BP burden and oxidative stress), genes, and body composition will be explored in relation to their impact on study outcomes.

韦恩州立大学 (WSU) 非裔美国人城市健康中心是一项为期 5 年的提案，由五个核心项目和四个项目组成，来自 WSU 校园各个部门、中心和项目的 34 名研究人员参与其中。该中心投入了大量资金来合并和扩大研究人员可以广泛使用的共享研究基础设施。四个核心代表了测试与种族健康差异研究相关的多层次假设所需的专业知识和服务领域。这些核心构成了我们应用程序的基础。核心是： 1) 心理社会和社区措施； 2）招募和临床评估； 3）生物统计和研究数据库； 4) 基因组学核心。这些核心使研究人员能够以比独立项目更具成本效益的方式测试更广泛的特定于项目的研究假设。非裔美国人被选为该中心的独家研究人群，因为他们患有肥胖相关疾病，如乳腺癌和心血管疾病（高血压、心力衰竭、糖尿病和冠心病）。此外，虽然底特律的非裔美国人人口排名第三，但其非裔美国人比例是美国主要城市中最高的（81.6%）。这四个项目是：1) 项目 1：肥胖、一氧化氮、氧化应激和盐敏感性，2) 项目 2：乳腺癌幸存者的体重减轻，3) 项目 3：心脏康复患者的二元干预，以及 4) 项目4：促进非裔美国妇女的健康行为。这些项目在主题上通过肥胖、饮食和其他生活方式因素（包括体力活动以及与肥胖相关的心血管疾病和癌症）联系起来。我们的研究工作重点是了解在多个层面（环境、生活方式、生理学、遗传学）介导已知不同慢性病及其前兆的机制。我们还寻求确定可能减轻不成比例的疾病负担的预防策略和治疗方法。将探讨环境暴露（家庭和社区层面）和心理行为特征与生理测量（例如 24 小时血压负担和氧化应激）、基因和身体成分的主要影响和交互影响及其对研究的影响结果。