Minority Predoctoral Fellowship

少数族裔博士前奖学金

• 批准号: 6893184
• 负责人: Magdalena Cerda
• 金额: $ 3.53万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6893184
• 关键词: Colombia; United States; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; crime victims; geographic difference; human subject; interview; juvenile delinquency; legal /correctional; longitudinal human study; mental health epidemiology; predoctoral investigator; psychological stressor; urban poverty area; violence; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study will examine the ways that collective efficacy may modify the association between neighborhood concentrated disadvantage and youth violent outcomes in Medellin, Colombia, and the United States. It will use a cross-sectional subsample of 1,500 children and adolescents, aged 12-18, from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), a 6-year prospective study of determinants of youth externalizing problem behaviors, as welt as a subsample of 916 adolescents aged 12-24 from a cross-sectional household survey of perpetrators, victims and witnesses of violence in Medellin, Colombia, to test the hypothesis that collective efficacy modifies the direct association between disadvantage and youth violence in a non-linear fashion. Specifically, I hypothesize that collective efficacy will have the strongest protective impact on violence in contexts of higher disadvantage. Collective efficacy will cease to be a significant protective factor against violence in neighborhoods of extreme disadvantage. The study will also compare the associations between the sub-dimensions of collective efficacy (cohesion and social control) and violence in two distinct national contexts.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将研究集体效力可以改变社区集中劣势与梅德林，哥伦比亚和美国青年暴力结果之间的关联的方式。 It will use a cross-sectional subsample of 1,500 children and adolescents, aged 12-18, from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), a 6-year prospective study of determinants of youth externalizing problem behaviors, as welt as a subsample of 916 adolescents aged 12-24 from a cross-sectional household survey of perpetrators, victims and witnesses of violence in Medellin, Colombia, to test集体效力的假设以非线性方式改变了劣势与青年暴力之间的直接关联。具体而言，我假设集体效力将对更高劣势的情况下的暴力行为产生最大的保护作用。集体效力将不再是防止极端劣势社区的暴力行为的重要保护因素。该研究还将比较在两个不同的民族背景下的集体效能（凝聚力和社会控制）的子规范（凝聚力和社会控制）之间的关联。