Large Data Spatiotemporal Modeling of Optimal Combinations of Interventions to Reduce Opioid Harm in the United States

美国减少阿片类药物危害的最佳干预措施组合的大数据时空建模

基本信息

批准号：
10708823
负责人：
Magdalena Cerda
金额：
$ 62.9万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-30 至 2027-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10708823
关键词：
Abate Accident and Emergency department Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Address American Area Bayesian Modeling Cessation of life Characteristics Cities Communities Complex County Data Data Set Data Sources Databases Documentation Drug usage Effectiveness Emergency Care Emergency medical service Endocarditis Epidemic Goals Grant HIV Harm Reduction Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hypertension Individual Infectious Skin Diseases Information Systems Injury Intervention Investments Joints Law Enforcement Laws Legal Level of Evidence Life Location Measures Methods Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Municipalities Naloxone National Institute of Drug Abuse Needle-Exchange Programs Opioid Overdose Overdose reduction Paper Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacy facility Pneumonia Policies Reporting Research Resources Role Services Sterility Surveys Syringes System Testing US State United States Vital Statistics dashboard data access density drug distribution economic indicator interest mortality mortality statistics multiple data sources operation opioid injection opioid mortality opioid overdose overdose death overdose education overdose prevention prevent programs secondary analysis service programs socioeconomics spatiotemporal user-friendly

项目摘要

The goal of this project is to prevent and reduce deaths and injuries due to opioids in the United States by determining the best combination of state and local harm reduction and drug paraphernalia laws needed to reduce overdose rates and other opioid-related harms. To do this, we will: 1) conduct original review of laws on relevant harm reduction and drug paraphernalia laws in the 836 municipalities with >50,000 people and associated counties; 2) conduct biannual surveys on implementation of harm reduction laws and drug paraphernalia laws by law enforcement; 3) create an extensive national dataset by merging data on state and local harm reduction and drug paraphernalia laws; implementation of laws by law enforcement; EMS and fatality data; and information on local harm reduction resources, and socioeconomic indicators; 4) use the merged dataset to determine which combinations of state and local laws have resulted in the biggest decreases in overdoses and related harms; and (5) determine which local characteristics enhanced those effective combinations of policies. Overdose deaths in the United States increased more than six-fold since 2001, and now account for more loss of life than high blood pressure, AIDS, and pneumonia. States, cities, and counties are combating this epidemic by passing laws to reduce overdoses, and by investing in access to harm reduction services. But these efforts are often undertaken in isolation and without considering how the different state and local laws interact or how local factors like enforcement of laws and access to harm reduction services influence their effectiveness. This project will help answer those questions by using large data and powerful analytics to bring together all the evidence on this complicated topic. At the end of the project, we will be able to anwer the following questions: What combinations of state and local harm reduction and drug paraphernalia laws most effectively prevent and reduce opioid deaths and injuries in the United States? And how can we best support local efforts to ensure that those effective combinations have the greatest impact?

该项目的目的是预防和减少由于美国阿片类药物的死亡和伤害确定国家减少和地方危害的最佳组合以及所需的毒品用具法降低过量率和其他与阿片类药物有关的危害。为此，我们将：1）对在836个市政当局中，相关的减少危害和毒品用具法律，> 50,000人和相关县； 2）对减少损害法律和毒品的实施双年度调查执法法律法律； 3）通过合并状态和减少局部伤害和毒品用具法；执法执行法律； EMS和死亡数据;以及有关减少当地危害资源和社会经济指标的信息； 4）使用合并数据集以确定哪种国家和地方法律的组合导致最大减少过量和相关危害；（5）确定哪些本地特征增强了这些特征政策的组合。自2001年以来，美国的过量死亡人数增长了六倍以上，现在，比高血压，艾滋病和肺炎相比，生命损失更多。国家，城市和县通过通过法律来减少过量服药，并通过投资获得损害减少来与这种流行病作斗争服务。但是，这些努力通常是孤立进行的，而没有考虑不同国家和当地法律互动或当地因素如何执行法律和获得损害减少服务的影响他们的有效性。该项目将通过使用大数据和强大的分析来帮助回答这些问题将所有关于这个复杂主题的证据汇总在一起。在项目结束时，我们将能够以下问题：最多的国家和地方危害和毒品用具法的组合最多有效预防和减少美国的阿片类药物死亡和伤害？以及我们如何最好的支持当地的努力确保这些有效的组合具有最大的影响？