Large Data Spatiotemporal Modeling of Optimal Combinations of Interventions to Reduce Opioid Harm in the United States

美国减少阿片类药物危害的最佳干预措施组合的大数据时空建模

基本信息

批准号：
10708823
负责人：
Magdalena Cerda
金额：
$ 62.9万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-30 至 2027-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10708823
关键词：
Abate Accident and Emergency department Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Address American Area Bayesian Modeling Cessation of life Characteristics Cities Communities Complex County Data Data Set Data Sources Databases Documentation Drug usage Effectiveness Emergency Care Emergency medical service Endocarditis Epidemic Goals Grant HIV Harm Reduction Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hypertension Individual Infectious Skin Diseases Information Systems Injury Intervention Investments Joints Law Enforcement Laws Legal Level of Evidence Life Location Measures Methods Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Municipalities Naloxone National Institute of Drug Abuse Needle-Exchange Programs Opioid Overdose Overdose reduction Paper Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacy facility Pneumonia Policies Reporting Research Resources Role Services Sterility Surveys Syringes System Testing US State United States Vital Statistics dashboard data access density drug distribution economic indicator interest mortality mortality statistics multiple data sources operation opioid injection opioid mortality opioid overdose overdose death overdose education overdose prevention prevent programs secondary analysis service programs socioeconomics spatiotemporal user-friendly

项目摘要

The goal of this project is to prevent and reduce deaths and injuries due to opioids in the United States by determining the best combination of state and local harm reduction and drug paraphernalia laws needed to reduce overdose rates and other opioid-related harms. To do this, we will: 1) conduct original review of laws on relevant harm reduction and drug paraphernalia laws in the 836 municipalities with >50,000 people and associated counties; 2) conduct biannual surveys on implementation of harm reduction laws and drug paraphernalia laws by law enforcement; 3) create an extensive national dataset by merging data on state and local harm reduction and drug paraphernalia laws; implementation of laws by law enforcement; EMS and fatality data; and information on local harm reduction resources, and socioeconomic indicators; 4) use the merged dataset to determine which combinations of state and local laws have resulted in the biggest decreases in overdoses and related harms; and (5) determine which local characteristics enhanced those effective combinations of policies. Overdose deaths in the United States increased more than six-fold since 2001, and now account for more loss of life than high blood pressure, AIDS, and pneumonia. States, cities, and counties are combating this epidemic by passing laws to reduce overdoses, and by investing in access to harm reduction services. But these efforts are often undertaken in isolation and without considering how the different state and local laws interact or how local factors like enforcement of laws and access to harm reduction services influence their effectiveness. This project will help answer those questions by using large data and powerful analytics to bring together all the evidence on this complicated topic. At the end of the project, we will be able to anwer the following questions: What combinations of state and local harm reduction and drug paraphernalia laws most effectively prevent and reduce opioid deaths and injuries in the United States? And how can we best support local efforts to ensure that those effective combinations have the greatest impact?

该项目的目标是通过以下方式预防和减少美国阿片类药物造成的死亡和伤害：确定州和地方减少伤害和吸毒用具法律的最佳组合减少过量服用率和其他与阿片类药物相关的危害。为此，我们将：1）对以下方面的法律进行初步审查： 836 个人口超过 50,000 的城市的相关减少伤害和吸毒用具法律相关县； 2) 每半年对减少危害法和毒品的实施情况进行一次调查执法部门制定的用具法； 3）通过合并州和州的数据来创建广泛的国家数据集当地减少伤害和吸毒用具法律；执法部门执行法律； EMS 和死亡数据;有关当地减少危害资源和社会经济指标的信息； 4）使用合并后的数据集来确定州和地方法律的哪些组合导致了最大的下降药物过量及相关危害； (5) 确定哪些地方特征增强了这些有效措施政策组合。自 2001 年以来，美国服药过量死亡人数增加了六倍多，现在造成的生命损失比高血压、艾滋病和肺炎还要多。州、市和县正在通过法律减少用药过量，并投资于减少伤害的途径来抗击这一流行病服务。但这些努力往往是孤立进行的，没有考虑不同国家和地区如何当地法律相互作用或当地因素（例如法律执行和获得减少伤害服务的机会）如何影响他们的有效性。该项目将通过使用大数据和强大的分析来帮助回答这些问题汇集有关这个复杂主题的所有证据。在项目结束时，我们将能够回答以下问题：州和地方减少伤害和吸毒用具法律的哪些组合最有效有效预防和减少美国阿片类药物死亡和伤害？我们如何才能最好地支持地方努力确保这些有效的组合产生最大的影响？