Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence in Pregnant Women

孕妇亲密伴侣暴力的危险因素

基本信息

批准号：
7220147
负责人：
JULIANNE Christina Flanagan
金额：
$ 2.52万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-01-01 至 2009-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health concern in the United States and has been shown to be highly prevalent during pregnancy, particularly for couples of low socioeconomic status. IPV poses an especially serious problem for pregnant women as it puts both mother and unborn child at risk for severe physical harm, including death. This application proposes an investigation of potential risk factors for IPV in pregnancy, such as alcohol use, stress, infidelity, jealousy, and relationship discord, from both a crosssectional and longitudinal perspective. The overarching theoretical frameork for this study is based on Leonard's conceptual model of substance use and intimate partner violence. This theory proposes that proximal (immediate situational issues such as intoxication) and distal (ongoing, pervasive problems such as relationship dissatisfaction) factors in an overall negative context (such as low socioeconomic status or difficult pregnancy) will precipitate relationship violence. In the proposed study, it is argued that stressors associated with pregnancy in combination with external stressors such as low socioeconomic status creates tenuous circumstances that in the presence of alcohol predispose couples to physical aggression. Additionally, evolutionary theory as discussed by Buss & Duntley's evolved homicide theory and Harris' social-cognitive theory is used to explain the particular risks to violence that pregnant women may face. This theory suggests that the 'violence perpetrated against expectant women is either a) a symptom of the perpetrator's innate desire to protect his reproductive status or b) a product of relational jealousy of the unborn child in which the male partner feels his security in the romantic relationship is threatened by the transition from dyad to triad. While Leonard's conceptual model has been supported in common couples and batterer populations, neither model has been tested in expectant individuals. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation explicitly examining factors that may put pregnant women at increased risk for experiencing intimate partner violence. Expectant women (n=200) attending any one of several sites of a public health clinic system will be invited to participate in order to investigate 1) the extent to which alcohol use, stress, infidelity, jealousy, and relationship dissatisfaction predict intimate partner violence in this sample, and 2) to evaluate the potential moderating effects of alcohol use on the relationships between jealousy and intimate partner violence and stress and intimate partner violence.

描述（由申请人提供）：亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）在美国是一个主要的公共卫生问题，并且已被证明在怀孕期间非常普遍，特别是对于社会经济地位低下的夫妻而言。 IPV对孕妇构成了一个特别严重的问题，因为它使母亲和未出生的孩子都处于严重身体伤害的危险中，包括死亡。该应用提出了从横断面和纵向的角度来研究怀孕中IPV潜在危险因素的研究，例如饮酒，压力，不忠，嫉妒和关系不一致。这项研究的总体理论框架基于伦纳德的物质使用和亲密伴侣暴力的概念模型。该理论提出，在整体负面环境（例如，社会经济状况低下或困难的怀孕）中，近端（诸如中毒的直接情况）和远端（持续的，普遍的问题，例如关系不满意）会导致关系暴力。在拟议的研究中，有人认为，与怀孕相关的压力源与外部压力相关的压力源（例如低社会经济状况）会造成脆弱的情况，在存在酒精的情况下，饮酒使夫妻易于身体侵略。此外，由公交公司和Duntley的进化凶杀理论和哈里斯的社会认知理论讨论的进化论被用来解释孕妇可能面临的暴力的特殊风险。该理论表明，“针对预期妇女的暴力是a）犯罪者先天渴望保护其生殖状况的愿望的症状，或者b）对未出生的孩子的关系嫉妒的产物，男性伴侣在浪漫关系中感受到了他在浪漫关系中的安全性，这受到从二元转移到Triacd的转移。尽管伦纳德（Leonard）的概念模型得到了共同的夫妻和殴打者人群的支持，但在预期的个人中都没有测试过模型。据我们所知，这是首次调查明确检查的因素，这些因素可能使孕妇面临遭受亲密伴侣暴力的风险。预期妇女（n = 200）将邀请参加公共卫生诊所系统的几个站点中的任何一个中的任何一个，以调查1）饮酒，压力，不忠，嫉妒，嫉妒和关系不满的程度，以预测该样本中的亲密伴侣暴力，以及2）以评估酒精对酒精对嫉妒和伴侣的潜在调节性和伴侣的潜在调节效应，并进行了嫉妒和伴侣暴力和暴力斗争之间的潜在调节作用。