Onward Christian Soldier?: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Discourses of 'Biblical' Masculinity in 'Neo-Muscular' Christian Men's Groups

前进的基督教士兵？：对“新肌肉”基督教男性团体中“圣经”男子气概话语的批判性话语分析

• 批准号: 2589553
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2589553
• 关键词: Onward; Christian; Soldier; Critical; Discourse

The aim of this research is to explore and interrogate the ways in which the prominent discourse of masculinity within neo-muscular conservative evangelical Christian Men's groups (such as the Promise Keepers USA, the Mighty Men South Africa, and the Aryan Jesus movement of 1930s Europe) are manifested and perpetuated through symbolically violent, hyper-masculinised theological discourses. Within the resources these groups provide- such as sermons and other preaching material, books, podcasts, and speeches at conferences- combative imagery in the form of militarised metaphor, sports metaphor, brotherhood metaphors and nostalgic familial metaphors are utilised to promote a problematic outworking of masculinity. The use of militarised imagery, for example, serves to define those with alternative ideas about masculinity as 'enemy', whom it is incumbent on a 'real man' to 'defeat', fostering environments of hostility and shame for those who do not conform to hegemonic masculinity. Using a methodology rooted in Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA), my research aims to expose and problematise the intersection between colonialism, nationalism, homophobia, and masculinity which underpins the theological discourses about masculinity expressed by these movements through combative metaphor. Through analysing the resources of these groups within a CMA framework, a hierarchy of metaphors, conceptual metaphors and conceptual metaphorical keys is revealed, highlighting the ways in which what is promoted as 'biblical theology' regarding gender, is inherently founded in deep-rooted concerns about national identity, the conquest of land, political power dynamics, familial belonging, and fears of emasculation. This results in biblical texts and preaching being hyper-masculinised through combative language and being subsequently deployed as weapons against 'culture' by men's groups to promote a hegemonic, heteronormative and arguably, toxic 'biblical manhood'. In the latter part of the thesis I will offer alternative hermeneutical models for engaging with the hyper-masculinised theological and biblical discourses expressed through 'Muscular Christian' men's groups. The way in which the creation of metaphor requires a bridge of understanding between the speaker and listener, I will argue, makes for a creative, collaborative engagement, building connection between the participants in dialogue. Through a CMA framework, I will therefore examine whether within the varied host of problematic metaphors used to embody theological ideologies, more affiliative metaphors might offer some traction for modifying some of the other more violent, aggressive, or conflictual models of masculinity and opening constructive dialogue between opposing viewpoints.

这项研究的目的是探索和询问新穆斯基保守派福音派基督教男子群体（例如，美国的承诺守护者，南非的强大男人和1930年代欧洲的雅利安耶稣运动）在新穆斯基保守的福音派基督教男子群体中的显着典型话语的方式。在资源中，这些群体提供的（例如讲道和其他讲道材料，书籍，播客和演讲）在会议上以军事化的隐喻，体育隐喻，兄弟情谊隐喻和怀旧的家族隐喻的形式形式，可用于促进有问题的男性化。例如，使用军事图像的使用是将关于男性气质的另一种想法定义为“敌人”，它在“真正的人”中有责任“失败”，为那些不符合霸权男性气质的人促进了敌意和羞耻的环境。使用植根于关键话语分析（CDA）和关键隐喻分析（CMA）的方法，我的研究旨在揭示和问题，使殖民主义，民族主义，同性恋恐惧症和阳刚之气之间的相互作用揭示了这些运动通过结合隐喻所表达的男子气概。通过在CMA框架内分析这些群体的资源，隐喻，概念隐喻和隐喻键的层次结构得到了揭示，突显了固有地建立在对国籍的认同，构成土地，属于政治动力学的综合性动力和家庭式的，构成的，构成的，构成了对性别的“圣经神学”促进的“圣经神学”的方式。这导致了圣经的文本和宣讲通过战斗语言过度雌雄同体，随后被男子团体部署为“文化”的武器，以促进霸权，异性范围，并且可以说是有毒的“圣经男子男子”。在论文的后期，我将提供替代的诠释学模型，以与“肌肉关系基督教”男子群体所表达的超级气囊化神学和圣经的话语互动。我将说，隐喻的创建方式需要说话者和听众之间的理解桥梁，这使他们建立了一种创造性的协作参与，并建立了对话中参与者之间的联系。因此，通过CMA框架，我将检查在各种有问题的隐喻中，用于体现神学意识形态的各种隐喻，更多的隶属关系隐喻可能会提供一些牵引力，以修改其他一些更暴力，更具侵略性或冲突的男性气质模型和对立观点之间的开放建设性对话。