A Study of Pilot HIV VCT in High Risk Women in China

中国高危女性HIV VCT试点研究

• 批准号: 6946725
• 负责人: SHIWEN WANG
• 金额: $ 5.4万
• 依托单位: NATL INST OF VIRAL DISEASE CONTROL/PREV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6946725
• 关键词: AIDS /HIV test; Chinese; HIV infections; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; communicable disease transmission; disease /disorder proneness /risk; female; health behavior; health care service utilization; human subject; interview; prostitution; sexually transmitted diseases

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): (Although reported HIV prevalence in China is relatively low for a developing country, the consistent and significant increase in reported HIV infections and HIV prevalence among high-risk women demonstrates that unless contained quickly, the potential medical and social consequences of the epidemic's spread in that country are daunting. Sexual transmission of HIV appears to be largely driven by high-risk heterosexual contact. Since antiretroviral therapy now available in China at little or no cost, -a critical component of the battle against HIV will be an effective outreach aimed at identifying those who are infected and helping them handle their disease, especially among high-risk populations. Voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) is internationally recognized as an effective, important strategy for both prevention and care and as a valuable component of comprehensive HIV/AIDS programming, therefore, high-risk populations are an important target for VCT. The proposed study will achieve the following specific aims: To qualitatively explore factors influencing utilization of VCT among women at high risk in Jinan City. To develop and implement a VCT program among women at high risk in Jinan City. To quantify the qualitative findings from Aim 1 and define differences between HIV "testers" and "nontesters" in the VCT program. Our VCT clinic will be set up in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, which has high rates of STDs and women at high risk in the heterosexual population, plus the PI has successfully collaborated with the Shandong Institute for Dermatology and STD Prevention and Care in previous HIV-related work in the region. The VCT program will use rapid testing technology that is newly available in China. It will be based on successful international models and informed by qualitative research conducted at the beginning of this project. We will attempt to recruit a total of 1,050 women at high risk in Jinan City to visit our VCT clinic through administration of a field survey in order to maximize HIV testing in this target population. Findings from this pilot study will be used to develop a larger VCT program tailored to the needs of women at high risk in China and inform future national policy. A future R01 will be submitted to look at the effectiveness of VCT in reducing high risk behaviors, such as an increase in condom use, and increasing the number of HIV infections averted. In order to .guarantee the scientific merit of the proposed research, the qualitative and quantitative components will both be guided by a modified Theory of Reasoned Action and the Socioecological Model, and sample size calculations and random sampling will be also applied to the field survey in Aim 3.

描述（由申请人提供）：（尽管中国报告的艾滋病毒感染率对于发展中国家来说相对较低，但报告的艾滋病毒感染率和高危女性艾滋病毒感染率持续显着增加表明，除非迅速遏制，否则潜在的医疗和社会影响该流行病在该国传播的后果令人畏惧，艾滋病毒的性传播似乎主要是由高风险的异性接触引起的，因为抗逆转录病毒治疗现在在中国只需很少的费用或免费，这是抗击艾滋病毒斗争的一个重要组成部分。成为一个有效的旨在识别感染者并帮助他们应对疾病的外展活动，特别是在高危人群中，被国际公认为是有效、重要的预防和护理策略，也是艾滋病毒预防和治疗的重要组成部分。因此，高危人群是 VCT 的重要目标。本研究将实现以下具体目标： 定性探讨影响济南市高危女性使用 VCT 的因素。 制定并实施针对济南市高危妇女的自愿健康检测计划。 量化目标 1 的定性结果，并定义 VCT 计划中 HIV“检测者”和“非检测者”之间的差异。 我们的VCT诊所将设立在山东省省会济南市，这里是性病高发区，也是异性恋人群中女性高危人群，并且PI已与山东省皮肤性病与性病防治研究所成功合作，该地区以前与艾滋病毒相关的工作。 VCT项目将采用中国最新推出的快速检测技术。它将以成功的国际模式为基础，并以项目开始时进行的定性研究为基础。我们将尝试通过实地调查的方式，在济南市招募总共1,050名高危女性来我们的VCT诊所就诊，以最大限度地对该目标人群进行艾滋病毒检测。这项试点研究的结果将用于制定更大规模的 VCT 计划，以满足中国高危女性的需求，并为未来的国家政策提供信息。未来将提交 R01，以研究 VCT 在减少高危行为方面的有效性，例如增加安全套的使用，以及增加避免的艾滋病毒感染数量。为了保证拟议研究的科学价值，定性和定量部分都将以修正的理性行动理论和社会生态模型为指导，样本量计算和随机抽样也将应用于实地调查。目标3。