A Study of Pilot HIV VCT in High Risk Women in China

中国高危女性HIV VCT试点研究

• 批准号: 6946725
• 负责人: SHIWEN WANG
• 金额: $ 5.4万
• 依托单位: NATL INST OF VIRAL DISEASE CONTROL/PREV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6946725
• 关键词: AIDS /HIV test; Chinese; HIV infections; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; communicable disease transmission; disease /disorder proneness /risk; female; health behavior; health care service utilization; human subject; interview; prostitution; sexually transmitted diseases

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): (Although reported HIV prevalence in China is relatively low for a developing country, the consistent and significant increase in reported HIV infections and HIV prevalence among high-risk women demonstrates that unless contained quickly, the potential medical and social consequences of the epidemic's spread in that country are daunting. Sexual transmission of HIV appears to be largely driven by high-risk heterosexual contact. Since antiretroviral therapy now available in China at little or no cost, -a critical component of the battle against HIV will be an effective outreach aimed at identifying those who are infected and helping them handle their disease, especially among high-risk populations. Voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) is internationally recognized as an effective, important strategy for both prevention and care and as a valuable component of comprehensive HIV/AIDS programming, therefore, high-risk populations are an important target for VCT. The proposed study will achieve the following specific aims: To qualitatively explore factors influencing utilization of VCT among women at high risk in Jinan City. To develop and implement a VCT program among women at high risk in Jinan City. To quantify the qualitative findings from Aim 1 and define differences between HIV "testers" and "nontesters" in the VCT program. Our VCT clinic will be set up in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, which has high rates of STDs and women at high risk in the heterosexual population, plus the PI has successfully collaborated with the Shandong Institute for Dermatology and STD Prevention and Care in previous HIV-related work in the region. The VCT program will use rapid testing technology that is newly available in China. It will be based on successful international models and informed by qualitative research conducted at the beginning of this project. We will attempt to recruit a total of 1,050 women at high risk in Jinan City to visit our VCT clinic through administration of a field survey in order to maximize HIV testing in this target population. Findings from this pilot study will be used to develop a larger VCT program tailored to the needs of women at high risk in China and inform future national policy. A future R01 will be submitted to look at the effectiveness of VCT in reducing high risk behaviors, such as an increase in condom use, and increasing the number of HIV infections averted. In order to .guarantee the scientific merit of the proposed research, the qualitative and quantitative components will both be guided by a modified Theory of Reasoned Action and the Socioecological Model, and sample size calculations and random sampling will be also applied to the field survey in Aim 3.

描述（由申请人提供）：（虽然中国的艾滋病毒率在一个发展中国家相对较低，但是高风险妇女报告的HIV感染和艾滋病毒感染率的一致和显着增加表明，除非迅速遏制，否则该国流行病的潜在医疗和社会后果在该国散布在该国的散布在中国而受到越来越多。几乎没有成本，与艾滋病毒的战斗的重要组成部分将是一种有效的外展活动，旨在确定那些被感染并帮助他们处理疾病的人，尤其是在高风险的人群中。拟议的研究将实现以下具体目标：定性探索影响Jinan市高风险女性使用VCT的因素。 在Jinan City高风险的女性中制定和实施VCT计划。 量化AIM 1的定性发现，并在VCT程序中定义艾滋病毒“测试者”和“非森特人”之间的差异。 我们的VCT诊所将在山东省首都吉南（Jinan）成立，该省的性病和女性在异性恋人群中具有高风险的率，加上PI在该地区与山东皮肤病学研究所和SHANDONG皮肤病学研究所成功合作。 VCT计划将使用中国新近可用的快速测试技术。它将基于成功的国际模型，并由该项目开头进行的定性研究所告知。我们将试图通过管理现场调查来招募Jinan City高风险的1,050名妇女参观我们的VCT诊所，以最大程度地提高该目标人群的HIV测试。这项试点研究的发现将用于制定针对中国高风险妇女需求的量身定制的更大的VCT计划，并为未来的国家政策提供信息。未来的R01将提交，以研究VCT在减少高风险行为方面的有效性，例如避孕套使用的增加以及避免HIV感染的数量增加。为了保证拟议研究的科学优点，定性和定量组成部分都将受到修改的合理作用理论和社会生态模型的指导，以及样本量计算和随机抽样也将在AIM 3中应用于现场调查。