Image Guided Surgery using Rapid Prototyping Models

使用快速原型模型进行图像引导手术

• 批准号: 6941645
• 负责人: FRANK J BOVA
• 金额: $ 24.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-20 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6941645
• 关键词: bioengineering /biomedical engineering; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical equipment development; biopsy; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical biomedical equipment; clinical research; computer assisted medical decision making; evaluation /testing; human subject; image guided surgery /therapy; neurosurgery; patient oriented research; stereotaxic techniques; surgery material /equipment; three dimensional imaging /topography

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the basic tenets of Neurosurgical planning is the ability to generate an operative approach that minimizes the disruption of normal tissues while allowing the required exposure of target tissues. To aid the surgeon in his or her ability to appreciate the location of target tissues, as well as their relationship to normal tissues, graphical workstation have been developed. The process of creating a patient specific 3- dimensional diagnostic dataset, provide the ability evaluate alternate surgical plans and the ability to apply the optimized virtual surgical plan to the real world patient at the time of surgery is termed image guided surgery. State of the art image guided surgery can be broken down into two broad categories, frame based guidance and frameless guidance. Each provides significant advantages and disadvantages when developing and carrying out a surgical plan. Disadvantages include frame application, the need for the frame to be present from initial imaging to the final portion of the procedure, the necessity of working with the frame in the operating room and the increase in operative time. For frameless image guidance the disadvantages include the potential inaccuracies in the patient to model registration as well problems and constraints imposed by the required 3-dimensional instrument tracking equipment. We are proposing a new guidance system that utilizes custom fabricated patient specific frame. This new frame creates the required alignment between the virtual patient model world and the actual patient at the time of surgery. As with routine framed or frameless image guidance a virtual surgical plan is developed. The surface of the patient is then derived from a 3-dimensional diagnostic dataset. This surface description allows the computation of a frame that precisely fits to he patient skin. This unique fit provides the geometric registration between the virtual 3-dimensional model of the patient and the real patient at the time of surgery. This registration permits the application of a virtual surgical plan to the patient at the time of surgery. The transfer of the virtual surgical plan is accomplished by including into the design of the custom patient specific frame the required alignment components. Biopsy holders, instructions regarding skin and bone incisions, skin clips, custom retractor design and retractor holders are all included into the design of the patient specific custom frame.

描述（由申请人提供）： 神经外科规划的基本原则之一是能够制定一种手术方法，最大限度地减少对正常组织的破坏，同时允许目标组织所需的暴露。为了帮助外科医生了解目标组织的位置以及它们与正常组织的关系，已经开发了图形工作站。创建患者特定的 3 维诊断数据集、提供评估替代手术计划的能力以及在手术时将优化的虚拟手术计划应用于现实世界患者的能力的过程被称为图像引导手术。最先进的图像引导手术可以分为两大类：基于框架的引导和无框架引导。在制定和执行手术计划时，每种方法都有显着的优点和缺点。缺点包括框架应用、从初始成像到手术的最后部分需要框架存在、需要在手术室中使用框架以及增加手术时间。对于无框图像引导，其缺点包括患者模型配准的潜在不准确性以及所需的 3 维仪器跟踪设备带来的问题和限制。我们提出了一种新的引导系统，该系统利用定制的患者特定框架。这个新框架在虚拟患者模型世界和手术时的实际患者之间创建了所需的对齐。与常规有框或无框图像引导一样，制定虚拟手术计划。然后从 3 维诊断数据集中得出患者的表面。这种表面描述允许计算精确贴合患者皮肤的框架。这种独特的贴合提供了手术时患者的虚拟 3 维模型与真实患者之间的几何配准。该注册允许在手术时对患者应用虚拟手术计划。虚拟手术计划的传输是通过将所需的对准组件纳入定制患者特定框架的设计中来完成的。活检支架、有关皮肤和骨骼切口、皮肤夹、定制牵开器设计和牵开器支架的说明都包含在患者特定定制框架的设计中。