Image Guided Surgery using Rapid Prototyping Models

使用快速原型模型进行图像引导手术

• 批准号: 6802721
• 负责人: FRANK J BOVA
• 金额: $ 24.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-20 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6802721
• 关键词: bioengineering /biomedical engineering; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical equipment development; biopsy; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical biomedical equipment; clinical research; computer assisted medical decision making; evaluation /testing; human subject; image guided surgery /therapy; neurosurgery; patient oriented research; stereotaxic techniques; surgery material /equipment; three dimensional imaging /topography

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the basic tenets of Neurosurgical planning is the ability to generate an operative approach that minimizes the disruption of normal tissues while allowing the required exposure of target tissues. To aid the surgeon in his or her ability to appreciate the location of target tissues, as well as their relationship to normal tissues, graphical workstation have been developed. The process of creating a patient specific 3- dimensional diagnostic dataset, provide the ability evaluate alternate surgical plans and the ability to apply the optimized virtual surgical plan to the real world patient at the time of surgery is termed image guided surgery. State of the art image guided surgery can be broken down into two broad categories, frame based guidance and frameless guidance. Each provides significant advantages and disadvantages when developing and carrying out a surgical plan. Disadvantages include frame application, the need for the frame to be present from initial imaging to the final portion of the procedure, the necessity of working with the frame in the operating room and the increase in operative time. For frameless image guidance the disadvantages include the potential inaccuracies in the patient to model registration as well problems and constraints imposed by the required 3-dimensional instrument tracking equipment. We are proposing a new guidance system that utilizes custom fabricated patient specific frame. This new frame creates the required alignment between the virtual patient model world and the actual patient at the time of surgery. As with routine framed or frameless image guidance a virtual surgical plan is developed. The surface of the patient is then derived from a 3-dimensional diagnostic dataset. This surface description allows the computation of a frame that precisely fits to he patient skin. This unique fit provides the geometric registration between the virtual 3-dimensional model of the patient and the real patient at the time of surgery. This registration permits the application of a virtual surgical plan to the patient at the time of surgery. The transfer of the virtual surgical plan is accomplished by including into the design of the custom patient specific frame the required alignment components. Biopsy holders, instructions regarding skin and bone incisions, skin clips, custom retractor design and retractor holders are all included into the design of the patient specific custom frame.

描述（由申请人提供）： 神经外科计划的基本原则之一是能够生成一种手术方法，该方法可以最大程度地减少正常组织的破坏，同时允许靶向组织的暴露。为了帮助外科医生欣赏目标组织的位置以及与正常组织的关系的能力，已经开发出图形工作站。创建特定患者的3维诊断数据集的过程，提供了评估替代手术计划的能力，并在手术时将优化的虚拟手术计划应用于现实世界患者的能力被称为图像指导手术。最先进的图像指导手术可以分为两个广泛的类别：基于框架的指导和无框指导。每个人在制定和执行手术计划时都提供了很大的优势和缺点。缺点包括框架应用程序，从初始成像到过程的最终部分存在框架的需求，需要与手术室中的框架一起工作的必要性以及手术时间的增加。对于无框图像指南，缺点包括患者对注册的可能性不准确，以及所需的3维仪器跟踪设备所施加的问题和约束。我们提出了一种新的指导系统，该系统利用自定义的制造患者特定框架。这个新框架在手术时创建了虚拟患者模型世界与实际患者之间所需的一致性。与常规框架或无框图像指南一样，制定了虚拟手术计划。然后，患者的表面源自三维诊断数据集。该表面描述允许计算完全适合患者皮肤的框架。这种独特的拟合度提供了手术时患者的虚拟3维模型与实际患者的几何形状注册。该注册允许在手术时将虚拟手术计划应用于患者。虚拟手术计划的转移是通过在定制患者特定框架的设计中完成所需的对齐组件来完成的。活检持有者，有关皮肤和骨切口的说明，皮肤夹，定制的牵开器设计和牵引器持有者都包括在患者特定的定制框架的设计中。