RETICULOSPINAL CONTROL OF REACHING

网状脊髓的伸展控制

• 批准号: 6927620
• 负责人: JOHN A BUFORD
• 金额: $ 32.6万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-07-30 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6927620
• 关键词: Macaca fascicularis; brain electrical activity; brain injury; brain mapping; cerebral cortex; cerebral dominance; electrodes; electromyography; electrophysiology; electrostimulus; evoked potentials; limb movement; microinjections; motor cortex; neural information processing; neuromuscular function; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; reticular formation; reticulospinal tract

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The reticulospinal tracts are a major descending system, but their role in motor control has received limited study. Understanding reticulospinal function is important because when brain injuries affect cortex, extrapyramidal systems like the reticulospinal system may be critical for functional recovery. The present investigations are designed to reveal the function of reticulospinal outputs originating in the pontomedullary reticular formation (PMRF), in nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis and nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis. Experiments for Aim 1 are designed to measure reticulospinal outputs to muscles of the arm and shoulder girdle bilaterally (24 muscles). Understanding how arm muscles are controlled bilaterally by the reticulospinal system will permit understanding of this systems capacity for contribution to functional recovery after stroke. Experiments for Aims 2-3 explore mechanisms for corticospinal and reticulospinal interaction in the control of movement. Aim 2 uses physiological methods to study corticoreticular coordination through paired stimulus-triggered averaging studies in the cortical motor areas (Ml, SMA, and PMd) and the PMRF. Experiments for Aim 3 will use neuroanatomical methods to reveal the sources of corticospinal cells with collaterals to reticulospinal cells and to determine the strengths of projections from SMA, PM, and Ml to the reticulospinal system. Combined, Aims 2 and 3 examine substrates for coordination of corticospinal and reticulospinal control of movement. Experiments for Aim 4 will test for kinematic and kinetic coding in the activity of PMRF neurons, testing for directional tuning and coding of force. Together, these experiments will measure the outputs and functions of the reticulospinal system along with the relevant sources of input from cortical projections for the preparation and performance of reaching. Much of the focus will be on coordination of bilateral arm movements, which is proposed to be a key function of the reticulospinal system. Bilateral coordination of arm movements is important for functional activities, such as wheelchair mobility, walking with assistive devices, and bed mobility, which are central to neurological rehabilitation after stroke. Thus, the proposed studies will significantly extend our understanding of a critical but poorly understood part of the motor control system of the brain.

描述（由申请人提供）：网状脊髓段是一个主要的下降系统，但是它们在运动控制中的作用已受到有限的研究。理解网状脊髓功能很重要，因为当脑损伤会影响皮层时，诸如网状脊髓系统之类的锥体外系统可能对于功能恢复至关重要。本研究旨在揭示源自庞然大物网状形成（PMRF），网状核的网状细胞和网状细胞核的网状脊髓输出的功能。 AIM 1的实验旨在测量双侧（24个肌肉）的手臂和肩带的肌肉的网状脊髓输出。了解如何通过网状脊髓系统双侧控制手臂肌肉，将允许理解该系统在中风后对功能恢复的贡献的能力。 AIMS 2-3的实验探索了控制运动中皮质脊髓和网状脊髓相互作用的机制。 AIM 2使用生理方法通过在皮质运动区域（ML，SMA和PMD）和PMRF的配对刺激触发的平均研究中研究皮质核心协调。 AIM 3的实验将使用神经解剖学方法来揭示带有侧叶的皮质脊髓细胞的来源，并确定来自SMA，PM和ML到网状脊髓系统的投影的强度。联合，目标2和3检查了底物，以协调运动的皮质脊髓和网状脊髓控制。 AIM 4的实验将测试PMRF神经元活性中的运动学和动力学编码，从而测试了力调整和力编码。总之，这些实验将测量网状脊髓系统的输出和功能，以及皮质投影的相关输入来源，以制备和触及的性能。大部分重点将放在双侧臂运动的协调上，这被认为是网状脊髓系统的关键功能。手臂运动的双边协调对于功能活动很重要，例如轮椅活动性，辅助设备行走和床位移动性，这对于中风后神经康复至关重要。因此，拟议的研究将大大扩展我们对大脑运动控制系统的关键但知之甚少的部分的理解。