PLASTICITY IMPLICATIONS--RECOVERY OF FUNCTION AFTER INJURY TO MOTOR CORTEX

可塑性的影响——运动皮层损伤后的功能恢复

• 批准号: 6338842
• 负责人: TIMOTHY P PONS
• 金额: $ 16.87万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-12-01 至 2000-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6338842
• 关键词: Macaca fascicularis; Macaca mulatta; brain electrical activity; brain injury; cerebrovascular occlusions; disease /disorder model; electrodes; electrostimulus; experimental brain lesion; eye movements; magnetic resonance imaging; motor cortex; neural information processing; neural plasticity; psychomotor function; rehabilitation; restraint; saccades; stroke

One of the difficulties associated with evaluating the relationship between cortical damage/reorganization and functional deficit/recovery is the issue of variability in any stroke model. The patient population is heterogeneous with regard to both the amount and location of damaged cortical territory and, accordingly, the severity and type of physical impairment. This is also true in monkey models of stroke where occlusions of the middle cerebral artery at the same point in the brain gives rise to variable functional outcomes as well as variable regions of damage to the brain. Fortunately, we are now able to non-invasively determine the regions of the brain damaged after stroke with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in humans and monkeys alike. Additionally, with the advent of the many neuron recording technique, we can use the information gathered from the MRI scans in experimental monkeys to guide placement of recording electrodes adjacent to permanently damaged regions of cortex or into totally healthy regions of cortex. This technique also allows us to examine changes on a daily basis. In Project 3 we propose to use these technologies to follow reorganizational changes correlated with functional recovery at the single unit level of analysis. Our goal is to test specific hypotheses of cortical reorganization by recording from cortical regions that are important for motor control and likely to be involved in compensatory reorganization during recovery of function after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery or after striato-capsullary infarcts. These two types of experimental manipulation are chosen because they mimic the most common types of strokes seen in humans and are the types of stroke studied in human patients in projects 1 & 2. The experiments in project 4 will allow us to begin to unravel the location of cortical region that when damaged give rise to behavioral deficits as well as those implicated in the recovery of behavioral function after stroke. The proposed experiments represent initial efforts to explore the relationship between cortical reorganization and recovery of function in this manner. In the short term, the specific approach will begin to unravel the complex relationships between damaged cortical territories, reorganizing cortical domains, and behavioral performance. In the long term such knowledge show allow for more accurate prognoses and the design of rehabilitative strategies that are optimal for any given pattern for cortical damage.

与评估关系有关的困难之一 皮质损伤/重组与功能不足/恢复之间 任何中风模型中的可变性问题。患者人数是 关于受损的数量和位置的异质 皮质区域以及物理的严重性和类型 损害。猴子的抑制作用也是如此 大脑中同一点的中部大脑动脉的产生导致 可变功能结果以及损坏的可变区域 脑。幸运的是，我们现在能够非侵入性确定 磁共振成像中风后损坏的大脑区域 （MRI）人类和猴子的技术。另外，与 许多神经元记录技术的出现，我们可以使用信息 从实验猴子的MRI扫描中聚集，以指导放置 记录与皮质的永久损坏区域相邻的电极或 进入完全健康的皮质区域。这项技术还使我们能够 每天检查更改。在项目3中，我们建议使用这些 遵循重组变化的技术与功能相关 单位分析级别的恢复。我们的目标是测试 从皮质记录的皮质重组的特定假设 对于电动机控制很重要并且可能参与的区域 在阻塞后，在功能恢复期间的补偿性重组 大脑中动脉或纹状体囊肿的梗死。这两个 选择实验操作的类型是因为它们最模仿 在人类中看到的中风的常见类型，是研究的中风类型 在项目1和2中的人类患者中。项目4中的实验将 允许我们开始解开皮质区域的位置 受损引起的行为缺陷以及与 中风后行为函数的恢复。提出的实验 代表探索皮质之间关系的初步努力 以这种方式重组和恢复功能。在短期内 特定的方法将开始解开复杂的关系 在受损的皮质区域，重组皮质域和 行为表现。从长远来看，此类知识展允许 更准确的预后和康复策略的设计 对于任何给定的皮质损伤，都是最佳的。