Positive Illusions in ADHD: Processes and Consequences

ADHD 中的积极幻想：过程和后果

• 批准号: 7148602
• 负责人: BETSY HOZA
• 金额: $ 26.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7148602
• 关键词: academic achievement; antisocial personality; anxiety disorders; attention; attention deficit disorder; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; comorbidity; functional ability; human subject; illusions; memory; middle childhood (6-11); motivation; self concept; sex behavior; substance abuse related disorder

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): We propose three studies, collectively aimed at elucidating the processes underlying ADHD children's positive illusory self-perceptions, and the consequences of childhood positive illusory thinking for young adult adjustment. Two hundred 8-11 year old combined or hyperactive/impulsive type ADHD children, and 100 control children of similar age and gender distribution (half recruited at each of two sites), will participate in Studies 1 and 2. Study 1 is geared at understanding (a) whether the self-perceptions of ADHD children can be made more accurate by using potent motivators for accuracy; and (b) whether any improvements obtained through the use of these motivators "normalize" the self-perceptions of ADHD children in comparison to controls. The goal of Study 2 is to better understand the processes underlying ADHD children's self-perceptions in the academic and social domains. Here we examine the extent to which a lack of attention to, and underutilization of, feedback explains the positive illusory thinking style of ADHD children. Given the cognitive and executive functioning deficits associated with ADHD, as well as its high comorbidity with ODD, CD, anxiety, and other disorders, we consider also whether these cognitive impairments and comorbid problems relate to positive illusions in ADHD children. Finally, Study 3 involves a different sample of 179+ young adults who were treated for ADHD in childhood, and, as children, participated in a study of self-perceptions. We examine the predictive relations between positive illusory selfperceptions, measured in middle childhood, and later indices of maladjustment in five domains, measured in young adulthood, after controlling for initial severity of childhood behavior problems.

描述（由研究人员提供）：我们提出了三项研究，旨在阐明ADHD儿童积极虚幻的自我感知的基础过程，以及儿童期对年轻人调整的正面虚幻思维的后果。两百8-11岁的合并或过度活跃/脉冲类型的ADHD儿童，以及100个具有相似年龄和性别分布的对照儿童（在两个地点中的每个地点招募了一半），将参加研究1和2。研究1符合理解（a）是否可以通过使用有效的动机来使ADHD儿童的自我认知更加准确，以实现准确的动机； （b）与对照组相比，通过使用这些动机来“正常化” ADHD儿童的自我感知获得的任何改进。研究2的目的是更好地了解学术和社会领域中多动症儿童自我认知的基础过程。在这里，我们研究了对反馈缺乏关注和缺乏实现的程度，解释了多动症儿童的积极思想风格。鉴于与多动症相关的认知和执行功能缺陷，以及与奇怪，CD，焦虑和其他疾病的高合并症，我们还考虑了这些认知障碍和合并症问题是否与ADHD儿童的正面幻觉有关。最后，研究3涉及179多名年轻人的不同样本，这些样本在童年时期接受了多动症治疗，并且作为儿童参加了自我感知的研究。我们研究了在童年中期以童年时期衡量的积极虚幻的自我认知和后来在五个领域的疾病的指标之间的预测关系，该指标在控制了儿童行为问题的最初严重程度后，在成年后以年轻人的成年衡量。