Physical Mechanisms of Hemostasis by Intense Ultrasound

强超声止血的物理机制

• 批准号: 6845401
• 负责人: MICHAEL R BAILEY
• 金额: $ 3.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-12-01 至 2006-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6845401
• 关键词: Commonwealth of Independent States; acoustic nerve; biophysics; blood vessels; cooperative study; hemorrhage; hemostasis; mathematical model; method development; model design /development; patient monitoring device; thermodynamics; tissue /cell culture; trauma; ultrasound; ultrasound therapy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an exciting new therapeutic technology with numerous significant clinical applications. It is also one of the most promising modern interdisciplinary areas of physics and medicine. HIFU enables delivery of a relatively large amount of energy to a small region of tissue with little effect on the surrounding areas. The associated high acoustic pressure and heat deposition of HIFU results in tissue necrosis and blood coagulation. This ultrasound impact can be used to ablate tumors, pre-coagulate a region of an organ to be surgically resectioned, and obtain hemostasis in hemorrhaging parenchyma or damaged vessels. The tissue can be treated not only on the organ surface, but also noninvasively deep within the organ itself. The work in the parent grant has demonstrated the clinical applicability and engineering manifestation of HIFU in achieving rapid hemostasis in vivo, with models of organ and blood vessels injuries. The research team of bioengineers and surgeons from the Center of Industrial and Medical Ultrasound (CIMU) of the University of Washington has shown the efficacy of the treatment to stop bleeding in open liver and punctured vessels. The work has identified specific areas where lack of understanding and knowledge of physical mechanisms involved in ultrasound/tissue interaction inhibit application. These include better understanding thermal effects, cavitation, streaming, effect of acoustic nonlinearity that play important roles in arresting bleeding. Design and optimization of HIFU probes require characterization of transducers to predict ultrasound field, and its impact on blood and tissue. The objective of the proposed FIRCA grant is to address some of these areas, to provide insight into the physical mechanisms involved in HIFU hemostasis, and to provide numerical and experimental tools based on this knowledge for optimization, planning, and monitoring of treatment. Theoretical and numerical models for the nonlinear acoustic field produced by HIFU probes will be developed and coupled with the temperature model, bubble dynamics, and streaming. Experiments will be performed in tissue mimicking liquids and phantoms and compared with the theoretical results in order to reveal the importance of basic physical effects in halting the bleeding jet and accelerating hemostasis. This research will be done primarily in Russia at the Department of Acoustics, Physics Faculty of the Moscow State University in collaboration with Vera A. Khokhlova and her colleagues as an extension of the parent NIH grant # R01 EB 00292-03.

描述（由申请人提供） 高强度的超声波（HIFU）是一种令人兴奋的新治疗技术，具有许多重要的临床应用。它也是物理和医学最有希望的现代跨学科领域之一。 HIFU可以将相对较大的能量传递到一小块组织，对周围地区影响很小。相关的高声压和HIFU的热量导致组织坏死和血液凝结。这种超声冲击可用于烧蚀肿瘤，预凝预切除器官的区域，并在出血性实质或受损血管中获得止血。该组织不仅可以在器官表面进行处理，而且可以在器官本身内无创处。父母赠款中的工作证明了HIFU在体内快速止血时的临床适用性和工程表现，具有器官和血管损伤模型。华盛顿大学工业和医疗超声（CIMU）中心的生物工程师和外科医生的研究小组表明，治疗的功效可以停止在露天肝脏和刺穿的船只中流血。这项工作已经确定了特定领域，在这些领域缺乏对超声/组织相互作用涉及的物理机制的了解和知识抑制了应用的应用。这些包括更好地理解热效应，空化，流媒体，声学非线性的效果，在阻止出血中起着重要作用。 HIFU探针的设计和优化需要表征换能器以预测超声场及其对血液和组织的影响。拟议的FIRCA赠款的目的是解决其中一些领域，以洞悉HIFU止血物的物理机制，并根据此知识提供数值和实验工具，以优化，计划和监测治疗。 HIFU探针产生的非线性声场的理论和数值模型将开发并与温度模型，气泡动力学和流相结合。实验将在模仿液体和幻影的组织中进行，并与理论结果进行比较，以揭示基本物理效应在停止出血射流和加速止血的重要性。这项研究将主要在莫斯科州立大学物理学院的声学系与Vera A. Khokhlova及其同事合作，作为父母NIH授予＃R01 EB 00292-03的延伸。