Biobehavioral-Smoking Profiles in Mexican-American Youth

墨西哥裔美国青年的吸烟生物行为概况

• 批准号: 6950418
• 负责人: MARGARET R SPITZ
• 金额: $ 61.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-20 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6950418
• 关键词: Mexican Americans; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk; dopamine receptor; dopamine transporter; drug addiction; drug metabolism; gene expression; genetic susceptibility; health behavior; human subject; income; interview; longitudinal human study; neurotransmitter metabolism; nicotine; parent offspring interaction; peer group; serotonin receptor; serotonin transporter; smoking; tobacco abuse

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Survey data show that Mexican-American (MA) youth report the highest rates of experimenting with cigarettes. This transdisciplinary project will determine the relative influences of both non-genetic (psychosocial, behavioral, and contextual) and genetic factors in susceptibility to smoking, initiation of smoking, and dependency on nicotine in a cohort of urban MA youth in the Houston metropolitan area. The proposal builds upon an existing population-based resource of MA households created and maintained in the Department of Epidemiology at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, and capitalizes upon the experience in studying adolescent smoking trajectories in the Department of Behavioral Science. The study design will include an initial cross-sectional survey with the following specific aims: 1) to assess baseline prevalence of susceptibility to smoking and experimentation with cigarettes in the prior six months in unrelated MA adolescents between the ages of 11 to 13 years (n =1300). 2) to conduct a systematic telephone follow-up every six months to ascertain changes in smoking status (using widely accepted measures of cognitive susceptibility to smoking and nicotine dependence) and to collect saliva samples (as needed) for cotinine measurement. We will evaluate changes in psychosocial and contextual factors by conducting a follow-up home interview in the final year of the study. The hypothesis is that adolescents with lower levels of psychosocial resources or in smoking permissive contexts are more susceptible to smoking and to the development of dependent smoking. 3) to determine how variation in candidate genes, including those related to nicotine metabolism, dopamine and serotonin pathways, and genes encoding enzymes involved in synthesis or metabolism of neurotransmitters may influence the initiation, establishment of smoking, and nicotine dependence following experimentation. We will explore how genetic predisposing factors interact with psychosocial factors to impact smoking status. We will also evaluate whether genetic predisposition will modify the impact of the social, contextual, and psychological factors on the transition from experimentation to nicotine dependence. The long-term goal is to develop quantitative multivariate risk assessment models for experimentation, initiation and dependence, and genetic susceptibility in order to identify high-risk adolescent subgroups. These findings will enable us to develop culturally and age-appropriate school- and community-based smoking cessation interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：调查数据显示，墨西哥裔美国人 (MA) 年轻人尝试卷烟的比例最高。这个跨学科项目将确定休斯顿都会区马萨诸塞州青年群体中非遗传因素（社会心理、行为和环境）和遗传因素对吸烟易感性、开始吸烟和对尼古丁依赖的相对影响。该提案以 M.D. 安德森癌症中心流行病学系创建和维护的现有马萨诸塞州家庭人口资源为基础，并利用了行为科学系研究青少年吸烟轨迹的经验。研究设计将包括一项初步横断面调查，其具体目标如下：1) 评估 11 至 13 岁之间的无关 MA 青少年吸烟易感性的基线患病率和过去 6 个月的卷烟实验情况（n =1300）。 2) 每六个月进行一次系统的电话随访，以确定吸烟状况的变化（使用广泛接受的吸烟认知易感性和尼古丁依赖的测量方法）并收集唾液样本（根据需要）用于可替宁测量。我们将通过在研究的最后一年进行后续家庭访谈来评估心理社会和背景因素的变化。假设认为，心理社会资源水平较低或处于允许吸烟环境中的青少年更容易吸烟并发展为吸烟依赖。 3）确定候选基因的变异如何影响实验后吸烟的开始、建立和尼古丁依赖，包括与尼古丁代谢、多巴胺和血清素途径相关的基因，以及编码参与神经递质合成或代谢的酶的基因。我们将探讨遗传倾向因素如何与心理社会因素相互作用来影响吸烟状况。我们还将评估遗传倾向是否会改变社会、背景和心理因素对从实验到尼古丁依赖的转变的影响。长期目标是开发用于实验、启动和依赖以及遗传易感性的定量多变量风险评估模型，以识别高风险青少年亚组。这些发现将使我们能够制定适合文化和年龄的学校和社区戒烟干预措施。