Biobehavioral-Smoking Profiles in Mexican-American Youth

墨西哥裔美国青年的吸烟生物行为概况

基本信息

批准号：
6950418
负责人：
MARGARET R SPITZ
金额：
$ 61.33万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-09-20 至 2009-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Survey data show that Mexican-American (MA) youth report the highest rates of experimenting with cigarettes. This transdisciplinary project will determine the relative influences of both non-genetic (psychosocial, behavioral, and contextual) and genetic factors in susceptibility to smoking, initiation of smoking, and dependency on nicotine in a cohort of urban MA youth in the Houston metropolitan area. The proposal builds upon an existing population-based resource of MA households created and maintained in the Department of Epidemiology at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, and capitalizes upon the experience in studying adolescent smoking trajectories in the Department of Behavioral Science. The study design will include an initial cross-sectional survey with the following specific aims: 1) to assess baseline prevalence of susceptibility to smoking and experimentation with cigarettes in the prior six months in unrelated MA adolescents between the ages of 11 to 13 years (n =1300). 2) to conduct a systematic telephone follow-up every six months to ascertain changes in smoking status (using widely accepted measures of cognitive susceptibility to smoking and nicotine dependence) and to collect saliva samples (as needed) for cotinine measurement. We will evaluate changes in psychosocial and contextual factors by conducting a follow-up home interview in the final year of the study. The hypothesis is that adolescents with lower levels of psychosocial resources or in smoking permissive contexts are more susceptible to smoking and to the development of dependent smoking. 3) to determine how variation in candidate genes, including those related to nicotine metabolism, dopamine and serotonin pathways, and genes encoding enzymes involved in synthesis or metabolism of neurotransmitters may influence the initiation, establishment of smoking, and nicotine dependence following experimentation. We will explore how genetic predisposing factors interact with psychosocial factors to impact smoking status. We will also evaluate whether genetic predisposition will modify the impact of the social, contextual, and psychological factors on the transition from experimentation to nicotine dependence. The long-term goal is to develop quantitative multivariate risk assessment models for experimentation, initiation and dependence, and genetic susceptibility in order to identify high-risk adolescent subgroups. These findings will enable us to develop culturally and age-appropriate school- and community-based smoking cessation interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：调查数据表明，墨西哥裔美国人（MA）青年报告使用香烟的实验率最高。这个跨学科的项目将确定非遗传（心理社会，行为和情境性）和遗传因素在休斯顿大都市地区的城市MA青年中对易感性，吸烟的启动以及对尼古丁的依赖的相对影响。该提案基于在M. D. Anderson癌症中心在流行病学部创建和维护的现有基于人群的家庭资源，并利用了研究行为科学系的青少年吸烟轨迹的经验。研究设计将包括以下特定目的的初步横截面调查：1）在前六个月中，在11至13岁之间无关的MA青少年（n = 1300）之间，在前六个月中，在前六个月中对吸烟的易感性和对香烟进行实验的基线流行率（n = 1300）。 2）每六个月进行一次系统的电话随访，以确定吸烟状况的变化（使用对吸烟和尼古丁依赖性的认知易感性的措施），并收集唾液样本（根据需要）进行cotinine测量。我们将通过在研究的最后一年进行后续家庭访谈来评估社会心理和背景因素的变化。假设是，具有较低心理社会资源或在吸烟允许的环境中的青少年更容易吸烟和依赖吸烟的发展。 3）为了确定候选基因的变异，包括与尼古丁代谢，多巴胺和5-羟色胺途径有关的变异，以及编码与神经递质合成或代谢的酶的基因可能会影响实验后吸烟的起始，吸烟和胰岛素依赖性。我们将探讨遗传易感因素如何与社会心理因素相互作用以影响吸烟状况。我们还将评估遗传易感性是否会改变社会，情境和心理因素对从实验到尼古丁依赖性的过渡的影响。长期目标是开发定量的多元风险评估模型，以进行实验，起始和依赖性以及遗传易感性，以识别高危青少年亚组。这些发现将使我们能够在文化和适合年龄的学校和社区戒烟干预措施上发展。