Intermarrige, Ethnic Identity and the Generational Progress of Mexican Americans

墨西哥裔美国人的通婚、种族认同和代际进步

• 批准号: 7148975
• 负责人: STEPHEN J. TREJO
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-10 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7148975
• 关键词: Mexican Americans; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; education; educationally disadvantaged; generation difference; identity; immigrant; income maintenance; marriage /marital status; mathematical model; model design /development; population survey; racial /ethnic difference; self concept; success; time resolved data

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dramatic improvements in educational attainment and earnings occur between Mexican immigrants and their U.S.-born children. Intergenerational progress seems to stall after the second generation, however, with only modest gains observed for later generations. The end result is that even third- and higher-generation Mexicans (i.e., the grandchildren and later descendants of Mexican immigrants) trail the average American in economic status by a disturbing amount. The validity of these intergenerational comparisons, however, rests on assumptions about ethnic identification that have received relatively little scrutiny for Mexican Americans. In particular, analyses of intergenerational change typically assume that the ethnic choices made by the descendants of Mexican immigrants do not distort outcome comparisons across generations. For example, if the most successful Mexicans in later generations are more likely to intermarry or for other reasons cease to identify themselves or their children as Mexican-origin, then available data may understate education and earnings gains between the second and later generations, and may also overstate the economic gap between late-generation Mexican Americans and other Americans. Using microdata from the 2000 U.S. Census and from recent years of the Current Population Survey, the proposed research will explore what factors influence whether individuals choose to identify themselves (or their children) as Mexican-origin, and how these ethnic choices may affect inferences about the intergenerational progress of Mexican Americans. Specifically, this project will: (1) use Census data to analyze the role that intermarriage plays in the intergenerational transmission of human capital and ethnic identification between Mexican-origin parents and their U.S.-born youth ages 16-17; (2) compare objective and subjective indicators of Mexican descent in the CPS to analyze the extent and selectivity of ethnic attrition among first- and second-generation Mexican adults and among first-, second-, and third-generation Mexican youth; and (3) construct a population projection model that starts with a cohort of Mexican immigrants and simulates how selective intermarriage interacts with the parent-child transmission of human capital and ethnic identification to produce the joint distributions of outcomes and Mexican identity across generations.

描述（由申请人提供）：墨西哥移民及其在美国出生的孩子的教育程度和收入显着提高。然而，在第二代之后，代际进步似乎陷入停滞，而后代只观察到了适度的进步。最终的结果是，即使是第三代和更高代的墨西哥人（即墨西哥移民的孙辈和后来的后裔），其经济地位也远远落后于美国人的平均水平，令人不安。然而，这些代际比较的有效性取决于关于种族认同的假设，而这些假设对墨西哥裔美国人来说受到的审查相对较少。特别是，对代际变化的分析通常假设墨西哥移民后裔做出的种族选择不会扭曲代际结果比较。例如，如果后代中最成功的墨西哥人更有可能通婚或由于其他原因不再将自己或他们的孩子视为墨西哥血统，那么现有数据可能会低估第二代和后代之间的教育和收入收益，并且可能还夸大了新一代墨西哥裔美国人与其他美国人之间的经济差距。利用 2000 年美国人口普查和近年来当前人口调查的微观数据，拟议的研究将探讨哪些因素影响个人是否选择将自己（或他们的孩子）认定为墨西哥裔，以及这些种族选择如何影响关于墨西哥血统的推论。墨西哥裔美国人的代际进步。具体来说，该项目将：（1）利用人口普查数据来分析异族通婚在墨西哥裔父母与其在美国出生的 16-17 岁青少年之间的人力资本代际传递和种族认同中所发挥的作用； (2) 比较 CPS 中墨西哥血统的客观和主观指标，以分析第一代和第二代墨西哥成年人以及第一代、第二代和第三代墨西哥青年的种族减员程度和选择性； （3）构建一个人口预测模型，从一群墨西哥移民开始，模拟选择性通婚如何与人力资本和种族认同的亲子传递相互作用，以产生跨代结果和墨西哥身份的联合分布。